Consonance ranking of chromatic scale tone combinations (dyads) in the seven psychophysical studies reported by Malmberg (1918), Faist (1897), Meinong and Witasek (1897), Stumpf (1898), Buch (1900), Pear (1911), and Kreuger (1913). Graph shows the consonance rank assigned each of the 12 chromatic dyads in the various studies reported. The median values are indicated by open circles connected by a dashed line.