Table 4. Impact of cardiovascular risk factors on myocardial deformation in the total cohort and according to sex.
| CV risk factor | Impact of CV risk factor | P | Effect size women vs. men | P for effect in women | P for effect in men | P for interaction | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GL-PSS | Obesity | +0.7% | <0.001 | +0.9% vs. +0.7% | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.69 |
| Hypertension | +0.3% | ns | +0.7% vs. -0.1% | <0.01 | ns | 0.004 | |
| Dyslipidemia | +0.3% | <0.001 | +1.2% vs. +0.3% | <0.001 | ns | 0.03 | |
| GL-SSR | Obesity | +0.04 s-1 | <0.001 | +0.06 s-1 vs. +0.01 s-1 | <0.001 | ns | 0.047 |
| Hypertension | +0.03 s-1 | <0.01 | +0.06 s-1 vs. +0.02 s-1 | <0.001 | ns | 0.02 | |
| Dyslipidemia | +0.03 s-1 | <0.05 | +0.05 s-1 vs. +0.01 s-1 | <0.01 | ns | 0.07 | |
| GL-EDSR | Obesity | -0.12 s-1 | <0.001 | -0.14 s-1 vs. -0.12 s-1 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.72 |
| Hypertension | -0.72 s-1 | <0.001 | -0.24 s-1 vs. -0.10 s-1 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |
| Dyslipidemia | -0.12 s-1 | <0.001 | -0.19 s-1 vs. -0.2 s-1 | <0.001 | ns | 0.001 | |
| GL-LDSR | Hypertension | +0.09 s-1 | <0.001 | +0.11 s-1 vs. +0.06 s-1 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.02 |
The impact of a CV risk factor on a specific strain marker is expressed as absolute change for the total sample and per sex group. Interaction effects computed from general linear models (see Methods).
CV = cardiovascular, vs. = versus, GL-PSS = global longitudinal peak systolic strain (n = 1218), GL-SSR = global longitudinal systolic strain rate (n = 1506), GL-EDSR = global longitudinal early diastolic strain rate (n = 1506), GL-LDSR = global longitudinal late diastolic strain rate (n = 1500), ns = not significant; Hypertension = blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or antihypertensive pharmacotherapy, dyslipidemia = low density lipoprotein ≥190 mg/dl or lipid-lowering pharmacotherapy, obesity = body mass index >30 kg/m2.