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. 2019 Sep 12;14(9):e0222316. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222316

Table 1. Detailed effects of honey bee colony densities on wild pollinator visitation rates.

Results of the best linear mixed-effects models containing the colonies number as response variable, and floral resources and richness, as covariables for each buffer scale. Model selection was performed according to the AIC criterion.

Morphological groups and scales Predictor Value Standard deviation Degree of freedom t-value P-value AICc
Null model honey bees Intercept -0.008 0.272 16 -0.030 0.977 63.50
Honey bees 500m Intercept -0.012 0.274 15 -0.044 0.966 61.00
  Colonies number 0.501 0.193 15 2.597 0.020  
Null model wild pollinators Intercept -0.012 0.269 16 -0.045 0.964 63.50
Wild pollinators 500m Intercept -0.088 0.418 13 -0.210 0.837 47.80
  Colonies number -0.614 0.133 13 -4.628 0.001  
  Resources 0.401 0.135 13 2.967 0.011  
  Richness 0.659 0.144 13 4.562 0.001  
Wild pollinators 1000m Intercept -0.083 0.416 13 -0.200 0.844 56.30
  Colonies number -0.489 0.143 13 -3.408 0.005  
  Resources 0.186 0.142 13 1.316 0.211  
  Richness 0.527 0.175 13 3.008 0.010  
Null model large solitary bees Intercept -0.085 0.417 16 -0.203 0.842 59.70
Large solitary bees 500m Intercept -0.111 0.496 14 -0.224 0.826 51.30
  Colonies number -0.425 0.133 14 -3.185 0.007  
  Resources 0.668 0.134 14 4.992 0.000  
Null model bumblebees Intercept 0.017 0.267 16 0.062 0.952 63.80
Bumblebees 1000m Intercept 0.000 0.147 14 0.000 1.000 52.70
  Colonies number -0.451 0.155 14 -2.908 0.012  
  Richness 0.561 0.155 14 3.616 0.003  
Null model coleoptera Intercept -0.001 0.273 16 -0.004 0.997 63.50
Coleoptera 500m Intercept -0.012 0.285 14 -0.040 0.968 56.60
  Colonies number -0.671 0.174 14 -3.854 0.002  
  Resources 0.714 0.175 14 4.092 0.001