| Sanders 2008[16] |
Three milliliters of 70% ethanol was injected into each lumen of the catheter daily and left for 2 hours before being entirely removed and replaced with heparinized saline. |
| Slobbe 2010[17] |
During hospitalization, every lumen of the CVC was locked with 3 ml 70% ethanol for 15 minutes per day, following which the solution was flushed through with 10 ml 0.9% NaCl. During outpatient settings, ethanol locks were administered once weekly before the replacement of the regular heparin solution. |
| Broom 2012[18] |
Participants received weekly catheter instillation of 3 ml 70% ethanol for 48 hours together with standard heparin locks following the remaining 2 hemodialysis sessions each week. |
| Yang 2013[19] |
Seventy percent ethanol was instilled into each lumen of the CVC weekly. |
| Sun 2014[20] |
After flushing CVC lumens with 20 ml 0.9% NaCl at the end of a hemodialysis session, 3.3 ml 70% ethanol was instilled into each catheter lumen and left in situ until the next dialysis session, when it was aspirated. |
| Worth 2014[21] |
After flushing CVC lumens with 10 ml 0.9% NaCl, 2 ml 70% ethanol was instilled into each CVC lumen daily for inpatients and left in situ for 2 hours. A 5- to 10-ml aliquot was then aspirated from each lumen before locking under positive pressure with 10 mL 0.9% NaCl. Self-caring outpatients were instructed to administer the ethanol lock three times weekly, with 2 hours dwell time. |
| Schoot 2015[22] |
Based on the size of the CVC, 1.5 or 3.0 ml of 70% ethanol was injected into each lumen of the catheter. After two hours, the ethanol lock solution was flushed with 0.9% NaCl, and the CVC was closed with heparin. Locks were administered at least once every six weeks, but with a maximum lock frequency of once weekly. |
| Souweine 2015[23] |
Two milliliters of ethanol was injected into each catheter lumen and left for 2 minutes before being entirely removed. Each lumen was then flushed with 20 ml of 0.9% NaCl and locked during the interrenal-replacement/plasma exchange periods with 0.9% NaCl containing 100 U/ml of unfractionated heparin. |
| Salonen 2017[24] |
Patients flushed their catheters with 10 ml 0.9% NaCl after completion of their parenteral nutrition and then locked the catheter with 3 ml 70% ethanol. Prior to administration of the next bag of parenteral nutrition, they again flushed their catheters with 10 mL 0.9% NaCl. |
