Table 4.

Difference-in-Difference Estimates of Effects of PPACA Medicaid Expansion on Dental Visit among Non-elderly Adults with Household Income Less than 138% FPL by State Generosity of Dental Benefits and Dental Provider Supply

	N	Pre-Mean	Year 2014*Medicaid Expansion		Year 2016*Medicaid Expansion
States with High Provider Supply
Extensive Dental Benefit	45011	0.516	0.003	(0.025)	0.067**	(0.023)
Limited Dental Benefit	44533	0.497	0.014	(0.028)	0.036	(0.026)
States with Low Provider Supply
Extensive Dental Benefit	45297	0.431	0.007	(0.015)	0.020	(0.020)
Limited Dental Benefit	43877	0.440	0.007	(0.015)	−0.015	(0.016)

Notes: Standard errors are in parentheses and clustered by state. These effects were estimated from the difference-in-differences model and represent the change in likelihood of use of dental services in 2014 and 2016 versus 2012 as a result of the Medicaid expansions. All regressions controlled for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, employment status, marital status, household income, homeownership status, phone usage and state and year fixed effects, and were weighted by BRFSS sampling weights.

^*Significant at 10 percent level;

^**significant at 5 percent level;

^***significant at 1 percent level.