Figure 2.

Immediate early gene (IEG) transcription is transiently induced following an aggressive interaction in an agonistic context. Time-course analysis shows peak activity of hr38 and egr1 transcription in the (a,b) antennal lobe and (c,d) mushroom bodies at 15 min following a display of guarding behaviour that included biting and stinging an unfamiliar intruder bee. Median values divide boxes, ends of box show lower and upper quartiles (25% and 75%, respectively), extreme lines show the minimum and maximum values excluding outliers, and extreme values (points 1.5 times the interquartile range above or below the upper or lower quartile, respectively) are represented by hollow circles. ^n.s.p > 0.05, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.001, Welch's t-test, n = 5–7 bees per group per time point. Brain regions analysed here are highlighted in figure 1. (Online version in colour.)