Table 3.

Reported Risk Factors Among Pregnant Women With Early Syphilis, 2012–2016 (n=3,850)

Reported Risk Factor*	n/N*† (%)
Prior STD‡	1,524/3,021 (50.4)
Greater than 1 sex partner	1,317/3,436 (38.3)
Sex while intoxicated	628/3,215 (19.5)
Anonymous sex partner	337/3,193 (10.6)
Incarceration	304/3,212 (9.5)
Sex for drugs or money	154/3,245 (4.7)
Sex with persons known to inject drugs	132/3,047 (4.3)
HIV-positive‡	53/2,863 (1.9)
Sex with MSM	61/2,933 (2.1)
Methamphetamine use	192/3,052 (6.3)
Cocaine use	81/3,043 (2.7)
Crack use	47/3,038 (1.5)
Heroin use	63/3,044 (2.1)
Injection drug use	101/3,050 (3.3)
Nitrates or poppers use	13/3,010 (0.4)
Other drug use	481/3,053 (15.8)
Any risk factor§	2,434/3,850 (63.2)

STD, sexually transmitted disease; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MSM, men who have sex with men.

^*Timing of risk factors referred to the last 12 months before diagnosis of syphilis except: prior STD (lifetime risk); HIV-positive (documented or self-reported at the time of syphilis diagnosis).

^†Values are a sum of data from 2012 to 2016. Denominators vary because number missing or unknown (excluded) varies by risk factor.

^‡Timing of risk factors referred to the last 12 months before diagnosis of syphilis except: prior STD (lifetime risk); HIV-positive (documented or self-reported at the time of syphilis diagnosis).

^§Combines all risk factors.