Table 3.
Associations of Prepregnancy and Early Pregnancy Onset Depression with Gestational Weight Gain Rate Category
| N | RRa (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| GWG rate below the IOM recommendations | ||
| No pre- or early pregnancy depression | 16,970 | Reference |
| Prepregnancy onset depression | 1880 | 1.11 (1.07, 1.15) |
| Early pregnancy onset depression | 1716 | 1.03 (0.97, 1.10) |
| GWG rate above the IOM recommendations | ||
| No pre- or early pregnancy depression | 39,908 | Reference |
| Prepregnancy onset depression | 4451 | 1.03 (1.01, 1.05) |
| Early pregnancy onset depression | 4176 | 1.04 (1.02, 1.07) |
a
Model is adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, Native American/multiracial, other/unknown), nulliparity (Y/N), Medicaid (Y/N), smoking in first 20 weeks of pregnancy (Y/N), alcohol use in first 20 weeks of pregnancy (Y/N), prepregnancy BMI category (underweight, normal weight, overweight, obese), and severity of early pregnancy depressive symptoms (mild, moderate, severe).
RR, relative risks.