Table 1.
ICU patient characteristics.
| Whole group | Alcohol/drug (N = 158) | Other (N = 565) | Test statistic | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 62.4 (17.7) | 50.2 (13.4) | 65.8 (17.2) | T = 10.5 | <.001 |
| Gender, male | 409 (56.6%) | 121 (76%) | 288 (51%) | χ2 = 32.9 | <.001 |
| Birth region | χ2 = 4.66 | .32 | |||
| United States, Canada and Mexico | 287 (39.7%) | 59 (37%) | 228 (40%) | ||
| Caribbean | 114 (15.8%) | 19 (12%) | 95 (17%) | ||
| South America | 88 (12.2%) | 24 (15%) | 64 (11%) | ||
| Southern Asia | 47 (6.5%) | 13 (8%) | 34 (6%) | ||
| Other | 70 (9.6%) | 17 (11%) | 53 (10%) | ||
| Missing | 117 (16.2%) | 26 (16%) | 91 (16%) | ||
| Insurance | χ2 = 77.7 | <.001 | |||
| Commercial Medicare | 161 (22%) | 10 (6%) | 151 (27%) | ||
| Commercial Medicaid | 129 (18%) | 53 (34%) | 76 (14%) | ||
| Medicare | 178 (25%) | 19 (12%) | 159 (28%) | ||
| Medicaid | 93 (13%) | 33 (21%) | 60 (11%) | ||
| Commercial | 125 (17%) | 34 (22%) | 91 (16%) | ||
| No coverage | 23 (3%) | 7 (4%) | 16 (3%) | ||
| Other | 14 (2%) | 2 (1%) | 12 (2%) | ||
| Intubation | 293 (40.5%) | 69 (44%) | 224 (40%) | χ2 = 0.83 | .36 |
| Transfusion | 240 (33.2%) | 48 (30%) | 192 (34%) | χ2 = 0.74 | .39 |
| Transfusions, mean | 1.3 (2.9) | 1.3 (2.5) | 1.3 (3.1 ) | χ2 = 0.14 | .89 |
| Endoscopy | 111 (15.4%) | 29 (18%) | 82 (15%) | χ2 = 1.40 | .24 |
| Vasopressors | 216 (29.9%) | 35 (22%) | 181 (32%) | χ2 = 5.76 | .02 |
| Surgery | 45 (6.2%) | 5 (3%) | 40 (7%) | χ2 = 3.24 | .07 |
| CT scan | 500 (69.2%) | 99 (63%) | 401 (71%) | χ2 = 4.00 | .05 |
| CT scans, mean | 1.5 (1.7) | 1.2 (1.5) | 1.6 (1.7) | t = 2.54 | .01 |
| Median LOS (IQR), ICU | 3.0 (2.0, 5.0) | 3.0 (2.0, 5.0) | 3.0 (2.0, 5.0) | ||
| Mean LOS (SD), ICU | 4.8 (5.2) | 4.0 (3.0) | 5.0 (5.7) | t = 2.20 | .03 |
| Median LOS (IQR), hospital | 7.0 (4.0, 13.0) | 6.0 (4.0, 11.0) | 8.0 (5.0, 14.0) | ||
| Mean LOS (SD), hospital | 10.7 (10.6) | 8.6 (8.1) | 11.3 (11.2) | t = 2.78 | .006 |
| Median cost per stay* (IQR) | $40688 ($21934, $69598) |
$30206 ($19517, $60470) |
$41941 ($23151, $71254) |
||
| Mean cost per stay (SD) | $57498 ($61800) | $45200 ($40055) | $60900 ($66242) | t = 2.85 | .005 |
| Median cost per day (IQR) | $5061 ($3993, $5061) |
$5006 ($3799, $6407) |
$5068 ($4079, $6620) |
||
| Mean cost per day (SD) | $5867 ($3721) | $5825 ($4111) | $5850 ($3608) | t = –0.22 | .83 |
| Disposition | χ2 = 64.97 | <.001 | |||
| Home | 305 (42%) | 85 (54%) | 220 (39%) | ||
| Hospice | 61 (9%) | 6 (4%) | 55 (10%) | ||
| In-patient rehab | 43 (6%) | 13 (8%) | 30 (5%) | ||
| Transfer to other facility | 26 (4%) | 4 (3%) | 22 (4%) | ||
| AMA | 25 (3.5%) | 14 (9%) | 11 (2%) | ||
| Expired | 120 (17%) | 18 (11%) | 102 (18%) | ||
| Skilled nursing facility | 136 (19%) | 12 (8%) | 124 (22%) | ||
| Shelter/homeless | 7 (1%) | 6 (4%) | 1 (<1%) |
*
Total cost of alcohol/drug admissions: $7,141,600.