Table 2.

Example of therapeutic enzymes encapsulated in carrier red blood cells

Enzyme	Size	Function	Condition to treat	Reference
Galactosidase	464 kDa	Degrades galactosides	Lysosomal storage diseases	[44]
Glucuronidase	80 kDa	Degrades heparin and mucopolysaccharides	Lysosomal storage diseases	[45]
Carbonic anhydrase	30 kDa	Converts CO2 into bicarbonate	Detoxification of CO2	[46]
Uricase	33 kDa	Oxidizes uric acid	Uric acid detoxification	[47]
Thiosulfate-cyanide sulfurtransferase	37 kDa	Converts cyanides into thiocyanate	Cyanide detoxification	[48]
Phosphodiesterase	15-35 kDa	Thioester hydrolysis	Detoxification of organophosphorus compounds	[49]
Alcohol oxidase	140-600 kDa	Converts alcohols into aldehydes	Detoxification of alcohol	[50]
Adenosine deaminase	47 kDa	Degrades adenosine	Elimination of deoxyadenosine that inhibits immune cells in patients with reduced ADA human studies	[51]

ADA – Adenosine deaminase