Table 1.

Types of MIGS devices and their mechanism of action

Mechanism of IOP reduction	Example	Outflow pathway	Possible complications
Increase in trabecular outflow	iStent	An implant is inserted through trabecular meshwork to Schlemm's canal	Higher safety profile.
	Hydrus implant		Reflux from collector channels can lead to hyphema.
	Ab-interno trabeculotomy with Trabectome device	Removes the trabecular meshwork and inner wall of Schlemm's canal	Hypotony can occur.
	Kahook dual blade, KDB		Devices like iStent and Hydrus can dislocate
Increase in uveoscleral outflow	Cypass	An implant is inserted into suprachoroidal space after creating localized cyclodialysis	Cyclodialysis cleft with hypotony
	Solx Gold shunt		Late closure of cleft with rapid rise in pressure
	iStent supra		Hemorrhage
			Inflammation
			Hyphema
Subconjunctival infiltration	Xen implant, InnFocus	An implant is inserted through trabecular meshwork to subconjunctival space	Devices like the Xen or InnFocus can dislocate
			Bleb-related complications like fibrosis and infection
Decrease in aqueous humor production	Endolaser cyclophotocoagulation (ECP)	Ab-interno cyclophotocoagulation to ablate ciliary processes by direct visualization	Hypotony
			Infection