TABLE 2.
Principal Component Analysis of the FMPS and the CAPS.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |||
| Item | SPPEC | SOPS | CMDA | O | ||
| CAPS | My family expects me to be perfect. | SPP8 | 0.89 | 0.05 | –0.17 | –0.02 |
| FMPS | My parents set very high standards for me. | PE1 | 0.83 | 0.00 | –0.12 | 0.15 |
| FMPS | My parents wants me to be the best at everything. | PE11 | 0.79 | 0.17 | –0.19 | –0.04 |
| CAPS | There are people in my life who expect me to be perfect. | SPP5 | 0.76 | 0.02 | –0.02 | 0.05 |
| FMPS | My parents have expected excellence from me. | PE20 | 0.75 | –0.02 | –0.10 | 0.16 |
| FMPS | My parents have always had higher expectations for my future than I have. | PE26 | 0.70 | –0.16 | 0.01 | –0.13 |
| CAPS | Other people always expect me to be perfect. | SPP13 | 0.68 | 0.11 | 0.01 | –0.01 |
| CAPS | People expect more from me than I am able to give. | SPP9 | 0.58 | –0.09 | 0.24 | 0.00 |
| CAPS | I feel that people ask too much of me. | SPP3 | 0.58 | 0.17 | –0.05 | 0.12 |
| FMPS | I never feel like I can meet my parents’ standards. | PC35 | 0.57 | –0.22 | 0.23 | –0.16 |
| FMPS | Only outstanding performance is good enough in my family. | PE15 | 0.56 | 0.04 | 0.13 | –0.01 |
| FMPS | I never feel like I can meet my parents’ expectations. | PC22 | 0.50 | –0.31 | 0.35 | –0.08 |
| CAPS | My teachers expect my work to be perfect. | SPP21 | 0.48 | 0.14 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| CAPS | People around me expect me to be great at everything. | SPP15 | 0.48 | 0.29 | 0.06 | 0.01 |
| FMPS | I am punished for doing things less than perfect | PC3 | 0.47 | –0.17 | 0.10 | 0.03 |
| FMPS | My parents never try to understand my mistakes. | PC5 | 0.40 | –0.13 | 0.08 | –0.14 |
| CAPS | Other people think that I have failed if I do not do my very best all the time. | SPP12 | 0.38 | 0.13 | 0.18 | –0.08 |
| CAPS | I want to be the best at everything I do. | SOP2 | –0.02 | 0.86 | –0.16 | –0.12 |
| CAPS | I try to be perfect in everything I do. | SOP1 | –0.02 | 0.76 | –0.13 | 0.04 |
| CAPS | I don’t always try to be the best | SOP10 | –0.22 | 0.74 | –0.04 | –0.19 |
| FMPS | I set higher goals than most people. | PS12 | –0.10 | 0.72 | –0.02 | 0.15 |
| FMPS | I don’t always try to be the best. | PS6 | 0.08 | 0.69 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
| CAPS | I do not have to be the best at everything I do. | SOP22 | –0.04 | 0.62 | 0.02 | –0.38 |
| CAPS | I always try to be as perfect as I can | SOP14 | 0.15 | 0.62 | –0.06 | 0.09 |
| CAPS | When I do something, it has to be perfect | SOP16 | 0.10 | 0.62 | 0.15 | –0.03 |
| CAPS | I get upset if there is even one mistake in my work | SOP11 | 0.03 | 0.60 | 0.19 | –0.18 |
| FMPS | I have extremely high goals. | PS19 | 0.12 | 0.60 | –0.13 | 0.26 |
| CAPS | I feel that I have to do my best all the time. | SOP4 | 0.18 | 0.55 | –0.02 | 0.07 |
| FMPS | I expect higher performance in my daily tasks than most people. | PS30 | –0.05 | 0.51 | 0.24 | 0.18 |
| CAPS | It really bothers me if I don’t do my best all the time. | SOP7 | 0.04 | 0.51 | 0.16 | 0.15 |
| FMPS | Other people seem to accept lower standards than I do. | PS24 | –0.21 | 0.44 | 0.25 | 0.14 |
| CAPS | I can’t stand to be less than perfect. | SOP17 | 0.09 | 0.43 | 0.25 | –0.14 |
| FMPS | If someone does a task at school better than I am, then I feel like I failed the whole task. | CM13 | –0.04 | 0.04 | 0.76 | 0.06 |
| FMPS | I usually have doubts about the simple everyday things I do. | DA28 | –0.16 | –0.10 | 0.73 | 0.19 |
| FMPS | It takes me a long time to do something “right.” | DA33 | –0.04 | –0.15 | 0.69 | –0.04 |
| FMPS | If I do not do well all the time, people will not respect me. | CM25 | 0.10 | –0.08 | 0.64 | 0.06 |
| FMPS | If I fail partly, it is as bad as being a complete failure. | CM14 | –0.05 | 0.14 | 0.62 | 0.00 |
| FMPS | Even when I do something very carefully, I often feel that it is not quite right. | DA17 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.57 | 0.13 |
| ∗CAPS | Even when I pass, I feel that I have failed if I didn’t get one of the highest marks in the class. | SOP19 | –0.07 | 0.33 | 0.53 | 0.01 |
| FMPS | If I fail at school, I am a failure as a person. | CM9 | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.53 | –0.05 |
| FMPS | The fewer mistakes I make, the more people will like me. | CM34 | 0.23 | –0.01 | 0.51 | –0.03 |
| FMPS | I tend to get behind in my work because I repeat things over and over. | DA32 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.50 | 0.00 |
| FMPS | If I do not as well as other people, it means I am an inferior human being. | CM23 | 0.18 | 0.03 | 0.49 | –0.15 |
| FMPS | People will probably think less of me if I make a mistake. | CM21 | 0.08 | 0.21 | 0.48 | –0.12 |
| FMPS | I am an organized person. | Org31 | –0.04 | –0.03 | 0.03 | 0.83 |
| FMPS | I am a neat person. | Org7 | 0.06 | –0.11 | –0.10 | 0.79 |
| FMPS | I try to be an organized person. | Org8 | 0.01 | 0.01 | –0.05 | 0.79 |
| FMPS | Organization is very important to me. | Org2 | 0.02 | –0.35 | 0.18 | 0.75 |
| FMPS | I try to be a neat person. | Org27 | 0.09 | –0.01 | –0.05 | 0.68 |
| FMPS | Neatness is very important to me. | Org29 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.20 | 0.65 |
| ∗FMPS | I am very good at focusing my efforts on attaining a goal. | PS16 | –0.06 | 0.31 | 0.00 | 0.52 |
| ∗CAPS | I always try for the top score on a test. | SOP6 | –0.17 | 0.23 | –0.01 | 0.43 |
| Eigenvalues | 13.54 | 6.00 | 2.49 | 2.23 | ||
| % of explained variance | 26.04 | 11.53 | 4.78 | 4.28 | ||
CMDA = Concerns Over Mistakes and Doubts About Actions, O = Organization, SOPS = Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Personal Standards, SPPEC = Socially Prescribed Perfectionism-Parental Expectations and Criticism. ∗Items loading onto unexpected components (SOP19, PS16, SOP6). The bold font highlights that the item has its highest loading corresponding to component 1, 2, 3, or 4.