TABLE 10.

Popular mobile data apps.

Characteristic	Hinge	Tinder	Grindr	Bumble
Estimated percent of US online dating market engaged with app at the time of the study	1.1%	25.6%	6.3%	3.6%
Popular location	Primarily Urban	Most U.S. locations	Primarily urban (but available everywhere based on geolocation)	Primarily urban (but available everywhere based on geolocation)
Protocol	Parties mutual swipe exposes the chat option	Parties mutual swipe exposes the chat option	Users do not swipe but are presented with a grid of potentials 3 wide and length is dependent on subscription level. They can chat with these users immediately	Parties mutual swipe exposes the chat option only women can initiate the conversation
Primary user group	Heterosexual	Heterosexual	Homosexual Men	Heterosexual
All users	Heterosexual, gay, lesbian	Heterosexual, gay, lesbian	Homosexual Men, Women (∼6%)	Heterosexual, gay, lesbian
Positioning	Dating	Dating	Sexual partners and Dating	Dating
Choice limitation	10–21 selections per day (exact number determined by an algorithm)	100 selections confirming interest per day for the free version	100 people to chat with for the free version	50–100 swipes, number could fluctuate based on user patterns of behavior
Additional limitation	If communication does not occur after a fixed period of time the match will expire	None	None	Imposed time limit on response Women have 24 h to initiate the conversation or the match expires. After women initiate, their matches have 24 h to respond or the match expires
User data source	Populated by Facebook. Users can fill out additional dedicate fields such as height, relationship preference, religious affiliation, etc.	Options: (1) populated by Facebook, (2) associated to phone number/email address and populated manually	Options: (1) populated by Facebook (2) associated to phone number/email address and populated manually	Options: (1) populated by Facebook (2) associated to phone number/email address and populated manually
User data fields (all of these attributes correspond to the data at the time of the study; The user interface may change)	Users can fill out additional dedicate fields such as height, relationship preference, religious affiliation, etc.	Users have an About me section they can fill with any information (not verified)	In addition to a basic about me, users can provide Height, weight, Tribe (this is what type a person is within the homosexual community), Body type, Ethnicity, Looking for, and Relationship status	Users have an About me section they can fill with any information. Now: There are additional fields for Height, smoking, desire for children, etc.