S3.

The clinical information of GBM patients from GEO database

Characteristic	GSE4290	GSE16011	GSE43378	GSE59612	GSE83300	GSE90604
NA, not available. Notes: (1) All the GBM cases in the above GEO datasets were included in our study except for 4 of 159 GBM cases in GSE16011 without survival information. (2) The glioma samples but not GBM samples in GSE4290 (26 astrocytoma and 50 oligodendroglioma), GSE16011 (29 astrocytoma, 8 pilocytic astrocytoma, 52 oligodendroglioma and 28 mixed glioma) and GSE43378 (5 astrocytoma and 13 anaplastic oligodendroglioma) were not included in our study. (3) In GSE90604, the data from 7 normal brain tissues were included while the data from 2 normal astrocyte cell lines were excluded in our study.
Normal tissues	23	8	0	17	0	7
GBM cases	81	159	32	75	50	16
GBM_gender
Male		108	20	44	24	10
Female		51	12	31	25	6
Missing	81	0	0	0	1	0
GBM_age
≥50	NA	107	22	67	19	NA
<50	NA	52	10	8	31	NA
GBM_grade
I-III	0	0	0	0	0	0
IV	81	155	32	75	50	16
GBM_cases with survival	NA	155	32	NA	50	NA