TABLE 4.

Types of outcomes used to assess effectiveness of interventions in studies from identified reviews aiming to improve dietary, physical activity, and weight-related outcomes in university students

Outcomes (n, total number of outcomes)	Brief description of desired outcomes	Types and number of interventions targeting the outcomes
Food sales (n = 61)	Increases in sales of healthy foods/meals/drinks or decreases in sales of unhealthy foods/meals/drinks.	Environmental: n = 20
Dietary intakes (n = 94)	Increases in intakes of foods/nutrients beneficial to health or decreases in intakes of foods/nutrients harmful to health when consumed in excess amounts as well as improved overall eating habits and diet quality.	Environmental: n = 15 Face-to-face: n = 21 E-interventions: n = 10 Combined: n = 2
Cognitive variables toward dietary behavior (n = 25)	Increases in perceived skills (e.g., self-efficacy, goal setting), knowledge, attitudes, and social support or decreases in perceived barriers toward healthy eating behavior. Also, positive ratings on food quality and intention to repurchase.	Environmental: n = 1 Face-to-face: n = 7 E-interventions: n = 6 Combined: n = 1
Physical activity behavior (n = 112)	Increases in frequency, duration, intensity, and energy expenditure of activity; fitness level; or specific types of activities; decreases in sedentary behavior.	Face-to-face: n = 21 E-interventions: n = 20 Combined: n = 1
Cognitive variables toward activity behavior (n = 59)	Increases in perceived skills (e.g., stage of change, coping, outcome expectations), social support, and knowledge/attitudes or decreases in perceived barriers toward activity goals.	Face-to-face: n = 6 E-interventions: n = 15
Weight-related (n = 33)	Favorable changes in BMI and/or body composition variables (body mass, body fat, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio) or prevention of weight gain.	Environmental: n = 1 Face-to-face: n = 9 E-interventions: n = 8 Combined: n = 1