Table 1.
Baseline e-cigarette vaping status and sample characteristics, by duration of baseline smoking abstinencea.
| Quit smoking within the prior 12 months (n = 884) |
Quit smoking longer than 12 months ago (n = 3210) |
P-Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Weighted % (95% CI)b or Median (IQR) | n | Weighted % (95% CI)b or Median (IQR) | ||
| E-Cigarette Vaping Status, % (95% CI) | |||||
| Never Use | 233 | 42.7 (38.0 to 47.7) | 2,479 | 91.0 (90.0 to 92.0) | < .001c |
| Prior Use | 399 | 34.7 (30.8 to 38.8) | 588 | 7.3 (6.4 to 8.2) | |
| Current Occasional Use | 56 | 5.0 (3.8 to 6.7) | 45 | 0.5 (0.3 to 0.8) | |
| Current Regular Use | 196 | 17.6 (14.9 to 20.6) | 98 | 1.2 (0.9 to 1.6) | |
| Sociodemographics, % (95% CI) | |||||
| Age | |||||
| 18–24 | 246 | 16.5 (13.9 to 19.4) | 163 | 1.5 (1.1 to 1.9) | < .001c |
| 25–34 | 246 | 27.1 (23.2 to 31.6) | 516 | 9.5 (8.3 to 10.7) | |
| 35–44 | 150 | 17.0 (14.2 to 20.4) | 519 | 12.9 (11.6 to 14.2) | |
| 45–54 | 111 | 16.3 (13.1 to 19.9) | 564 | 17.5 (15.9 to 19.3) | |
| 55–64 | 86 | 14.4 (10.4 to 19.6) | 666 | 23.6 (21.7 to 25.6) | |
| 65 + | 45 | 8.6 (5.8 to 12.7) | 782 | 35.1 (32.9 to 37.3) | |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 413 | 46.9 (42.7 to 51.0) | 1,829 | 54.1 (52.3 to 55.9) | .003c |
| Female | 471 | 53.1 (49.0 to 57.3) | 1,381 | 45.9 (44.1 to 47.7) | |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 621 | 73.9 (69.9 to 77.6) | 2,445 | 80.8 (79.2 to 82.3) | .004c |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 76 | 7.8 (5.9 to 10.4) | 236 | 5.9 (5.0 to 6.9) | |
| Hispanic | 116 | 11.9 (9.1 to 15.3) | 315 | 8.3 (7.4 to 9.4) | |
| Other | 71 | 6.4 (4.8 to 8.4) | 214 | 5.0 (4.1 to 6.1) | |
| Education | |||||
| Less than high school | 84 | 11.1 (8.3 to 14.5) | 248 | 8.1 (7.0 to 9.5) | < .001c |
| High school graduate | 263 | 33.7 (29.1 to 38.6) | 690 | 28.8 (27.0 to 30.6) | |
| Some College | 387 | 37.2 (33.1 to 41.6) | 1,189 | 32.1 (30.5 to 33.8) | |
| Bachelor’s degree or above | 150 | 18.0 (14.7 to 21.9) | 1,072 | 31.0 (29.3 to 32.7) | |
| Household income | |||||
| Below poverty line | 241 | 24.6 (20.7 to 28.9) | 429 | 11.2 (10.0 to 12.5) | < .001c |
| 100%−200% poverty line | 196 | 20.9 (18.1 to 24.1) | 662 | 20.3 (18.4 to 22.2) | |
| > 200% poverty line | 369 | 44.1 (39.9 to 48.4) | 1,851 | 57.5 (55.4 to 59.7) | |
| Unknown | 78 | 10.4 (8.1 to 13.3) | 268 | 11.0 (9.6 to 12.5) | |
| Health insurance | 710 | 81.9 (78.1 to 85.2) | 2,886 | 93.2 (92.1 to 94.1) | < .001c |
| Region of residence | |||||
| Northeast | 118 | 16.2 (12.6 to 20.6) | 524 | 19.1 (17.5 to 21.0) | .18c |
| South | 243 | 24.9 (21.8 to 28.2) | 799 | 22.6 (20.4 to 24.9) | |
| Midwest | 329 | 37.7 (32.9 to 42.7) | 1,067 | 34.1 (31.9 to 36.3) | |
| West | 194 | 21.2 (17.4 to 25.7) | 820 | 24.2 (21.8 to 26.8) | |
| Current regular use of other tobacco productse | 120 | 9.9 (8.0 to 12.1) | 507 | 6.6 (5.8 to 7.5) | .001c |
| Smoking characteristics, Median (IQR) | |||||
| Time since quit smoking (months/years)f | 5.5 (2.0 to 11.8) | 18.7 (8.0 to 29.9) | < .001d | ||
| Years of regular smoking | 11.0 (3.3 to 25.9) | 10.9 (3.9 to 24.0) | .17d | ||
| Cigarettes smoked per day while smoking | 11.9 (5.3 to 19.2) | 15.0 (5.4 to 19.8) | < .001d | ||
| WISDM tobacco dependence scoreg | 1.2 (1.0 to 1.9) | – | – | ||
| Relapse at follow-up, % (95% CI) | 335 | 35.2 (31.2 to 39.4) | 157 | 2.6 (2.1 to 3.2) | < .001c |
Abbreviations: WISDM, Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives; –, not available in long-term quitters in PATH survey.
Estimates weighted to reflect the sociodemographic population in the 2010 Census.
From Rao-Scott Chi-square test comparing variable status between recent and long-term quitters.
From ANOVA test comparing variable level between recent and long-term quitters.
Current regular use of traditional cigars, cigarillos, filtered cigars, pipe, hookah, smokeless tobacco, snus, and dissolvable tobacco.
Expressed in months for recent quitters and years in long-term quitters.
Based on an average of 8 items indicating automaticity, craving, loss of control, and tolerance tobacco dependence symptoms experienced for non-e-cigarette tobacco products. Each item is scored from 1 to 5 with higher score indicating more severe tobacco dependence.