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. 2019 Sep 13;10:4165. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12112-w

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — Activated transcription factors of BRI1-BRs signaling can rescue ems1 and tpd1 mutants. a bes1-D and bzr1-1D rescued the male sterile phenotypes of ems1 and tpd1 mutants. Primary inflorescences (top) and Alexander staining of pollen grains in mature anthers (bottom) showing the fertility phenotypes of bzr1-1Dems1, bes1-Dems1, bzr1-1Dtpd1 and bes1-Dtpd1 double mutants. b Semi-thin sections of stage-5 anther lobes showing four somatic cell layers, including epidermis (E), endothecium (En), the middle layer (ML) and tapetum (T), as well as reproductive microsporocytes (M) in the center of bzr1-1Dems1, bes1-Dems1, bzr1-1Dtpd1 and bes1-Dtpd1 double mutants, respectively. Scale bars, 10 μm. c BIN2 inhibited EMS1-TPD1 signaling. Phenotypes of 7-week-old transgenic plants expressing BRI1, BRI1-EMS1, EMS1 and TPD1 under the control of BRI1 promoter in bin2-1D (+/−) and bin2-1D (−/−) plants. Scale bar, 5 cm. d Analyses of the expression levels of the transgenes in the rosette leaves of the corresponding plants shown in c. Proteins with GFP tag were detected with anti-GFP antibody. Actin served as a loading control. TPD1 expression was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. ACT2 served as an internal control