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. 2019 Sep 13;9:13261. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49860-0

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Tumor evolution during treatment based on mutations found in ctDNA. (A) Detailed mutational profile of 11 patients receiving 1^st line palliative chemotherapy prior to therapy initiation (baseline), 1.7 ± 0.7 months after therapy initiation (treatment) and at radiologically confirmed disease progression (progression). Patients were sorted by mutation frequency per gene and separated according to intrahepatic (IHCC) or extrahepatic (EHCC) primary tumor localization. Only genes with mutations detected are shown here. (B) Absolute number of mutations per patient is not significantly different in tumor and ctDNA of therapy naive patients (N = 23, P = 0.6997, Mann-Whitney) and between ctDNA samples of therapy naive and pretreated patients (N = 5, P = 0.5519, Mann-Whitney). Bars show mean and range of variation.