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. 2019 Sep 13;9:13254. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49684-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Alterations in ceramide content in unbound epidermal lipids in Fatp4^−/− mice. Fraction 3 of unbound epidermal lipids of newborn mice was analyzed by ESI-MS as [M − H]⁻ ions in the negative-ion mode and quantified in arbitrary units. Fatp4^−/− mice showed a shift to the Cer(NS) species with a shorter saturated acyl chain (a), decreased levels of the Cer(NdS) and Cer(OS) species that contained a saturated acyl chain (b,e) and of all Cer(EOS) species (f), and increased levels of several species in Cer(NP) and Cer(AS) (c,d). These defects were all normalized by the Fatp1 transgene. Data were obtained from 4 each of Fatp4^+/− (controls), Fatp4^−/−, and FATP1-rescued mutants with m/z ratios, standard deviation, and statistical significance shown (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001). See Materials and Methods for nomenclature.