Table 2.
Therapy- and Patient-Related Factors of the Participants of the Study according to their Self-Reported Measure of Medication Adherence, n = 299
| Factors | Total n (%) | Adherent n (%) | Poor Adherent n (%) | Bivariate Analyses | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 299 | n = 166 | n = 133 | Crude OR | 95% CI | p-value | |
| Therapy-Related | ||||||
| Number of prescriptions, mean ± SD | 3.90 ± 2.2 | 3.94 ± 2.2 | 3.85 ± 2.3 | 1.02 | (0.92 to 1.13) | 0.725 |
| Number of pills, mean ± SD | 4.36 ± 2.9 | 4.26 ± 2.9 | 4.50 ± 3.0 | 0.97 | (0.90 to 1.05) | 0.482 |
| Medication through injections | ||||||
| Using injections | 33 (11.0) | 18 (10.8) | 15 (11.3) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Not using injections | 266 (89.0) | 148 (89.2) | 118 (88.7) | 1.05 | (0.51 to 2.16) | 0.905 |
| Therapy through inhalers | ||||||
| Using inhalers | 28 (9.4) | 14 (8.4) | 14 (10.5) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Not using inhalers | 271 (90.6) | 152 (91.6) | 119 (89.5) | 1.28 | (0.59 to 2.78) | 0.538 |
| Interfering with Activities of Daily Living | ||||||
| Interfering | 27 (9.03) | 10 (6.0) | 17 (12.8) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Not-interfering | 272 (91.0) | 156 (94.0) | 116 (87.2) | 2.29 | (1.01 to 5.18) | 0.047 |
| Patient-Related | ||||||
| Functional Independency of Daily Living Activities | ||||||
| Independent | 234 (78.3) | 127 (76.5) | 107 (80.5) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Slightly dependent | 49 (16.4) | 29 (17.5) | 20 (15.0) | 1.22 | (0.65 to 2.28) | 0.530 |
| Moderately dependent | 16 (5.4) | 10 (6.0) | 6 (4.5) | 1.40 | (049 to 3.99) | 0.524 |
| Severely dependent | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – | – | – |
| Totally dependent | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – | – | – |
| Medication Dosing Reminders | ||||||
| Not using any reminder | 85 (28.4) | 27 (16.3) | 58 (43.6) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Use of alarms/phones/pillboxes | 80 (26.8) | 50 (30.1) | 30 (22.6) | 3.58 | (1.88 to 6.81) | < 0.001 |
| Association of medication with daily routines | 134 (44.8) | 89 (53.6) | 45 (33.8) | 4.25 | (2.38 to 7.59) | < 0.001 |
| Patient’s Knowledge about Medication Regimen | ||||||
| Not having an adequate knowledge | 173 (57.9) | 75 (45.2) | 98 (73.7) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Having an adequate knowledge | 126 (42.1) | 91 (54.8) | 35 (26.3) | 3.40 | (2.08 to 5.56) | < 0.001 |
| Perceived Overmedication in the Treatment | ||||||
| Perception of overmedication | 26 (8.7) | 12 (7.2) | 14 (10.5) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Not-perception of overmedication | 273 (91.3) | 154 (92.8) | 119 (89.5) | 1.51 | (0.67 to 3.39) | 0.317 |
| Self-Perceived Quality of Life | ||||||
| Not having good quality of life | 153 (51.2) | 76 (45.8) | 77 (57.9) | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Having good quality of life | 146 (48.8) | 90 (54.2) | 56 (42.1) | 1.63 | (1.03 to 2.58) | 0.038 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; SD, standard deviation; Ref., reference
Bold values are statistically significant at p-values ≤0.05