Fig. 1.

Timeline and design of experiments. (A) Timeline. Studies began for all MPTP-treated primates with assessment of the response to s.c. l-Dopa injections (blue arrows) during 3 to 4 wk in order to determine effective “on” response of the selected dose and the absence of LID in acute tests. At week 4, recording chambers were implanted surgically (only in a subgroup of 4 animals used for physiology), and, 4 wk later, viral vectors (rAAV-ΔFosB or rAAV-eGFP) were infused into the striatum accessed through the chambers (SI Appendix, Table S1). In the remaining 5 animals, viral vectors were infused under stereotaxic surgery. In all animals, 4 wk after virus infusion, weekly acute l-Dopa tests began and continued until the 12th week (red arrows). (B) Schematic drawing of the virus injection sites illustrating the injectrode locations in the putamen and the caudate and putamen planes from anterior to posterior regions.