Table 3.
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus markers (HBsAg, HBeAg, and anti-HBe) among 9791 participants (15–49 years of age), enrolled between June 2014 and June 2015, in rural and peri-urban areas in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
| Variable | Men | Women | p-Valuea | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n/N | Weighted % (95% CI) | n/N | Weighted % (95% CI) | ||||
| Seroprevalence of HBsAg | |||||||
| Overall | 165/3541 | 4.8 | (3.8–5.8) | 196/6250 | 3.2 | (2.5–3.9) | 0.01 |
| By age group in years | |||||||
| 15–19 | 7/657 | 1.1 | (0–2.3) | 8/956 | 0.9 | (0–1.8) | 0.66 |
| 20–24 | 26/813 | 3.6 | (1.7–5.4) | 32/1262 | 2.7 | (1.5–3.8) | 0.40 |
| 25–29 | 30/602 | 4.5 | (2.4–6.6) | 39/1085 | 3.8 | (2.2–5.4) | 0.59 |
| 30–34 | 40/459 | 7.8 | (4.5–11) | 40/831 | 6.0 | (3.1–9.0) | 0.47 |
| 35–39 | 23/404 | 5.6 | (3.1–8.1) | 27/757 | 2.9 | (1.4–4.5) | 0.08 |
| 40–44 | 24/319 | 9.6 | (5–14.1) | 26/660 | 4.1 | (1.9–6.3) | <0.01 |
| 45–49 | 15/287 | 6.6 | (2.3–10.8) | 24/699 | 2.5 | (1.3–3.8) | 0.02 |
| p <0.01b | p <0.01b | ||||||
| Seroprevalence of HBeAgc,d | |||||||
| Overall | 65/164 | 36.9 | (27.5–46.2) | 68/193 | 32.8 | (23.7–41.9) | 0.58 |
| By age group in years | |||||||
| 15–19 | 6/7 | 92.2 | (75.8–100) | 1/8 | 4.4 | (0–13.7) | <0.01 |
| 20–24 | 10/26 | 43.3 | (18.3–68.4) | 17/32 | 56.7 | (32.6–80.8) | 0.45 |
| 25–29 | 11/30 | 29.8 | (11.1–48.5) | 12/39 | 30.2 | (9.6–50.7) | 0.98 |
| 30–34 | 15/39 | 24.8 | (9.4–40.1) | 14/39 | 31.0 | (11.5–50.5) | 0.62 |
| 35–39 | 7/23 | 24.7 | (6.2–43.1) | 8/27 | 24.6 | (7.0–42.3) | 1.00 |
| 40–44 | 11/24 | 55.5 | (30.6–80.4) | 9/25 | 27.7 | (10.4–45.0) | 0.05 |
| 45–49 | 5/15 | 23.3 | (0.7–45.9) | 7/23 | 34.0 | (12.4–55.5) | 0.51 |
| p = 0.09b | p = 0.18b | ||||||
| Seroprevalence of anti-HBec,e | |||||||
| Overall | 104/163 | 64.5 | (54.7–74.3) | 133/193 | 68.8 | (59.3–78.3) | 0.51 |
| By age group in years | |||||||
| 15–19 | 1/7 | 7.8 | (0–24.2) | 7/8 | 81.0 | (45.5–100) | <0.01 |
| 20–24 | 17/26 | 64.7 | (40.3–89.2) | 20/32 | 65.9 | (44.1–87.8) | 0.94 |
| 25–29 | 20/30 | 69.7 | (50.5–88.8) | 27/39 | 62.9 | (42.9–82.9) | 0.63 |
| 30–34 | 23/39 | 70.0 | (52–87.9) | 25/39 | 65.4 | (40.2–90.6) | 0.77 |
| 35–39 | 18/22 | 83.0 | (66.4–99.5) | 20/27 | 78.5 | (60.0–97.1) | 0.72 |
| 40–44 | 15/24 | 47.1 | (21.6–72.6) | 17/25 | 76.8 | (60.9–92.7) | 0.03 |
| 45–49 | 10/15 | 75.2 | (51.5–98.8) | 17/23 | 68.3 | (46.7–90.0) | 0.68 |
| p = 0.11b | p = 0.91b | ||||||
HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HBeAg, hepatitis B e antigen; anti-HBe, antibody to hepatitis B e antigen; %, population weighted percentages; CI, confidence interval.
a
p-Value for the association of HBsAg/HBeAg/anti-HBe status and sex by age category.
b
p-Value for the association of age with HBsAg/HBeAg/anti-HBe status by sex.
c
Based on HBsAg-positive samples.
d
Four samples insufficient for HBeAg testing.
e
Five samples insufficient for anti-HBe testing.