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. 2019 Sep 12;11:249–257. doi: 10.1016/j.reth.2019.08.003

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© 2019 The Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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Fig. 3 — KLF4 inhibited epithelial to mesenchymal transition via TGF-β2 activation in HCECs. (a) TGF-β2 secretion by human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) increased significantly in KLF4-knockdown (KLF4-KD) HCECs (biological n = 5; Mann Whitney test, N.D., not detected). (b) Expression of TGFB1, TGFB2, TGFBR1, and TGFBR2 was significantly upregulated in KLF4-KD HCECs (biological n = 8, Mann Whitney test, N.S., not significant). (c) Expression of SMAD2 and SMAD3 was not significantly different (biological n = 8, Mann Whitney test, N.S., not significant). (d) Immunocytochemistry for SMAD2/3 displayed intense nuclear staining in KLF4-KD HCECs but diffused staining in control siRNA transfected HCECs. (representative of three independent experiments; scale bars, 20 μm). *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01.