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Comparison of adhesive pads and friction pads in insects. Both pad types are specialized for resisting forces in different directions, and thereby serve fundamentally different functions. Adhesive pads are located distally on the foot, and produce high adhesion when activated by shear (pulling) forces, whereas friction pads are located proximally on the foot, and produce high coefficients of friction even when pressed only gently against the substrate. (Online version in colour.)
