Figure 6.

Biotin promotes myelin synthesis and energy production by acting as a coenzyme in oligodendrocytes (yellow) and neurons (pink). In oligodendrocytes, biotin (green) binds with acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC1 and ACC2) (blue) and increases the availability of fatty acids, allowing increased myelin synthesis. In neurons, biotin binds tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes (pyruvate carboxylase, 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, propionyl-CoA carboxylase) (purple) and increases production of TCA cycle intermediates, increasing ATP production and reducing neuronal hypoxia. Figure created in BioRender.