Table 3.
The incident cases and age‐standardized incidence of primary liver cancer by etiology in 1990 and 2017 and the temporal trends from 1990 to 2017
| Characteristics | 1990 | 2017 | 1990‐2017 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cases No. ×103 (95% UI) |
ASIR per 100 000 No. (95% UI) |
Cases No. ×103 (95% UI) |
ASIR per 100 000 No. (95% UI) |
EAPC in ASIR No. (95% CI) |
|
| Liver cancer due to hepatitis B | |||||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 120.7 (108.7, 130.2) | 23.91 (21.51, 25.74) | 237.9 (219.6, 257.9) | 23.79 (21.99, 25.80) | −0.55 (−0.76, −0.33) |
| Female | 37.6 (32.5, 42.0) | 7.83 (6.78, 8.75) | 53.1 (48.3, 58.6) | 5.32 (4.84, 5.88) | −1.85 (−2.02, −1.67) |
| Agea | |||||
| 15‐49 years | 64.3 (57.9, 69.5) | 9.62 (8.67, 10.40) | 76.3 (69.6, 83.5) | 10.25 (9.35, 11.22) | −0.98 (−1.53, −0.43) |
| 50‐69 years | 72.3 (66.2, 77.5) | 46.91 (42.99, 50.28) | 158.7 (146.4, 172.5) | 46.12 (42.54, 50.15) | −0.43 (−0.61, −0.25) |
| 70+ years | 20.8 (19.0, 22.7) | 53.92 (49.15, 58.83) | 55.6 (51.3, 60.3) | 56.48 (52.13, 61.26) | 0.11 (−0.09, 0.31) |
| Liver cancer due to hepatitis C | |||||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 25.9 (22.9, 28.7) | 6.09 (5.42, 6.72) | 69.7 (63.0, 77.0) | 7.38 (6.71, 8.12) | 0.30 (0.10, 0.49) |
| Female | 17.9 (15.5, 20.2) | 4.19 (3.65, 4.75) | 33.3 (30.3, 37.0) | 3.40 (3.10, 3.77) | −1.02 (−1.15, −0.89) |
| Agea | |||||
| 15‐49 years | 6.7 (5.8, 7.5) | 1.00 (0.88, 1.13) | 9.7 (8.4, 11.0) | 1.30 (1.12, 1.47) | −0.09 (−0.62, 0.45) |
| 50‐69 years | 23.4 (21.0, 25.9) | 15.21 (13.64, 16.81) | 54.2 (48.7, 60.3) | 15.75 (14.16, 17.54) | −0.42 (−0.72, −0.11) |
| 70+ years | 13.7 (12.5, 15.1) | 35.38 (32.31, 39.02) | 39.2 (35.9, 42.6) | 39.80 (36.47, 43.23) | 0.30 (0.18, 0.43) |
| Liver cancer due to alcohol use | |||||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 14.2 (11.3, 17.6) | 3.07 (2.48, 3.77) | 35.2 (28.2, 43.9) | 3.56 (2.90, 4.40) | 0.03 (−0.20, 0.26) |
| Female | 4.4 (3.4, 5.6) | 0.98 (0.77, 1.23) | 8.1 (6.5, 10.3) | 0.80 (0.65, 1.01) | −1.22 (−1.42, −1.02) |
| Agea | |||||
| 15‐49 years | 4.5 (3.2, 6.3) | 0.67 (0.47, 0.94) | 6.4 (4.3, 9.4) | 0.86 (0.58, 1.26) | −0.20 (−0.71, 0.31) |
| 50‐69 years | 9.8 (7.3, 12.8) | 6.34 (4.77, 8.33) | 24.3 (18.3, 32.4) | 7.06 (5.32, 9.42) | −0.22 (−0.54, 0.10) |
| 70+ years | 4.3 (3.4, 5.4) | 11.14 (8.90, 13.98) | 12.7 (10.3, 15.9) | 12.85 (10.43, 16.12) | 0.26 (0.09, 0.42) |
| Liver cancer due to NASH | |||||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 7.7 (6.5, 8.8) | 1.77 (1.53, 2.01) | 21.6 (18.8, 24.5) | 2.30 (2.01, 2.59) | 0.48 (0.25, 0.71) |
| Female | 4.8 (4.0, 5.6) | 1.11 (0.93, 1.29) | 10.1 (8.8, 11.6) | 1.04 (0.91, 1.19) | −0.54 (−0.69, −0.39) |
| Agea | |||||
| 15‐49 years | 2.8 (2.3, 3.2) | 0.41 (0.35, 0.48) | 3.8 (3.2, 4.6) | 0.51 (0.43, 0.62) | −0.49 (−1.08, 0.11) |
| 50‐69 years | 5.9 (5.0, 6.9) | 3.83 (3.23, 4.50) | 15.3 (12.8, 17.6) | 4.45 (3.72, 5.12) | −0.04 (−0.36, 0.28) |
| 70+ years | 3.8 (3.2, 4.6) | 9.93 (8.35, 11.81) | 12.6 (10.7, 14.8) | 12.83 (10.85, 15.00) | 0.81 (0.67, 0.94) |
| Liver cancer due to other causes | |||||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 14.2 (12.0, 16.1) | 2.86 (2.43, 3.23) | 30.7 (26.9, 34.8) | 3.15 (2.78, 3.55) | −0.21 (−0.45, 0.04) |
| Female | 10.6 (9.0, 12.2) | 2.28 (1.93, 2.62) | 16.1 (14.3, 18.4) | 1.63 (1.44, 1.86) | −1.66 (−1.84, −1.47) |
| Agea | |||||
| 15‐49 years | 9.0 (7.5, 10.6) | 1.35 (1.12, 1.59) | 10.7 (9.0, 12.6) | 1.43 (1.21, 1.69) | −0.98 (−1.53, −0.42) |
| 50‐69 years | 11.0 (9.3, 12.7) | 7.17 (6.05, 8.26) | 24.2 (20.7, 28.2) | 7.02 (6.01, 8.19) | −0.52 (−0.75, −0.28) |
| 70+ years | 4.4 (3.7, 5.2) | 11.4 (9.63, 13.40) | 11.9 (10.2, 13.8) | 12.10 (10.36, 13.99) | 0.13 (0.001, 0.25) |
Abbreviations: ASIR: age‐standardized incidence rate; CI: confidence interval; EAPC: estimated annual percentage change; NASH: nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; UI: uncertainty interval.
a
Crude mortality rate in each age group.