Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in the HELP study (N=44).
| Characteristics | Values | |
| Age (years), n (%) |
|
|
|
|
<30 | 5 (11.4) |
|
|
30-60 | 38 (86.4) |
|
|
>60 | 1 (2.3) |
| Male, n (%) | 30 (68.2) | |
| Height (cm), mean (SD) | 175 (10.3) | |
| Weight (kg), mean (SD) | 95.9 (17.4) | |
| BMIa (kg/m²), n (%) |
|
|
| Overweight (30< BMI >25) | 15 (34.1) | |
| Obese (BMI >30) | 26 (59.1) | |
| Body composition, mean (SD) |
|
|
| Body fat (kg) | 26.7 (8.2) | |
|
|
Body fat (%) | 27.9 (7.4) |
| Lean body mass (kg) | 64.8 (14.1) | |
| Spirometry, mean (SD) |
|
|
| Forced vital capacity (% norm) | 107.5 (13.3) | |
|
|
Forced expiratory volume (% norm) | 96.3 (16.3) |
| Spiroergometry, mean (SD) |
|
|
| Resting heart rate (bpm) | 79 (10.2) | |
|
|
VO2peakb (mL/kg/min) | 27.2 (5.1) |
| Watt max | 135.1 (42.9) | |
| Watt individual anaerobic threshold | 96.1 (21.5) | |
|
|
Borg value max score (range, 6-20)c, mean (SD) | 18.5 (1.5) |
|
|
Heart frequency max, mean (SD) | 172 (16) |
aBMI: body mass index.
bVO2peak: peak volume of oxygen.
cThe full Borg Scale (score range, 6-20) was used for the cardiopulmonary exercise test.