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. 2019 Sep 6;10:2074. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02074

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Copyright © 2019 Paalme, Rump, Mädo, Teras, Truumees, Aitai, Ratas, Bourge, Chiang, Ghalali, Tordjmann, Teras, Boudinot, Kanellopoulos and Rüütel Boudinot.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Gender difference in P2X4 expression by peripheral blood leukocytes. Whiskers plots of percentages of CD45⁺P2X4-positive within PBL of healthy men (n = 6) and women (n = 6) (A), or within PBL of healthy males (n = 6) and females (n = 6) C57BL6 mice (B). The percentage of P2X4-positive cells was measured using flow cytometry, the cut-off threshold being determined from staining using isotype control. The “X” sign denotes the mean value, the horizontal bar the median, and the whiskers show maximum and minimum values. The “^*” sign denotes a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the compared groups. Welch's t-test was applied to test the significance between groups (human: p = 0.021; mouse: p = 0.022), since a Shapiro–Wilkinson test supported that data had normal distribution. Additionally, a Mann–Whitney test supported a significant difference between male and female mice groups (p = 0.014).