Chen 2005.

Methods	Randomised clinical trial
Participants	Country: China Number randomised: 45 Post‐randomisation dropouts: 8 Revised sample size: 37 Average age: 56 years Females: 9 (24.3%) Presence of other features of decompensation (hepatorenal syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy, or variceal bleeding): not stated Alcohol‐related cirrhosis: both Viral‐related cirrhosis: both Autoimmune disease‐related cirrhosis (e.g. PSC, PBC, AIH): not stated Other causes for cirrhosis: both Treated for ascites in addition to antibiotics (e.g. albumin or diuretics): not stated Follow‐up in months: 1 Years of recruitment: 2000‐2002 Exclusion criteria Allergy to penicillins, cephalosporins or aminoglycoside Expected life expectancy of less than one month Secondary peritonitis or tumour rupture Renal impairment Antibiotic treatment during previous 2 weeks
Interventions	Participants were randomly assigned to two groups. Group 1: cefotaxime (n = 19) Further details: cefotaxime 1 g IV three times/day for minimum 5 day Group 2: amikacin (n = 18) Further details: amikacin with plasma level maintained at <= 30 mg/dL after a loading dose of 500 mg or 8 mg/Kg depending on weight for a total duration of minimum 5 days
Outcomes	Outcomes reported Mortality Any adverse event (number of people) Proportion with recovery from SBP Other features of decompensation Length of hospital stay
Notes	Attempts were made to contact the authors in December 2018; there were no replies. Reason for post‐randomisation dropouts: other causes of peritonitis, death, discharged against medical advice before starting treatment
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Comment: this information was not available.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Comment: this information was not available.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Comment: this information was not available.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Comment: this information was not available.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	Comment: there were post‐randomisation dropouts which were related to the outcomes.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	Comment: a prepublished protocol was not available but the authors do not report routinely measured clinical outcomes adequately
Other bias	Low risk	Comment: no other bias was noted.