Table 2. Comparison of various parameters between patients with T2DM presenting with and without vertebral fractures in women.
| All subjects | BMD T-score ≤ -1.0 | BMD T-score > -1.0 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vertebral fractures | Vertebral fractures | Vertebral fractures | ||||
| No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | |
| Factors | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) |
| No. of subjects | 183 | 74 | 107 | 51 | 76 | 23 |
| Age (years) | 65.6 (88.9) | 69.7 (8.6) ** | 67.6 (8.4) | 70.9 (8.2) * | 62.7 (8.9) | 67.0 (9.1) * |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.7 (3.6) | 23.4 (3.9) | 23.1 (3.3) | 22.9 (3.9) | 24.5 (3.8) | 24.3 (3.8) |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 171.8 (58.9) | 182.0 (55.6) | 173.3 (60.0) | 180.6 (55.6) | 169.6 (57.7) | 185.4 (56.7) |
| HbA1c (%) | 9.44 (2.04) | 9.70 (2.23) | 9.20 (2.10) | 9.64 (2.24) | 9.78 (1.92) | 9.84 (2.24) |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 11.6 (9.3) | 14.9 (10.6) * | 12.8 (9.6) | 14.4 (10.3) | 10.0 (8.7) | 15.8 (11.3) * |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.58 (0.11) | 0.56 (0.10) | 0.59 (0.11) | 0.56 (0.10) | 0.57 (0.11) | 0.58 (0.09) |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 9.3 (0.4) | 9.3 (0.3) | 9.3 (0.4) | 9.3 (0.3) | 9.4 (0.4) | 9.3 (0.4) |
| Phosphate (mg/dL) | 3.8 (0.5) | 3.6 (0.5) * | 3.7 (0.5) | 3.5 (0.6) | 3.8 (0.5) | 3.7 (0.5) |
| BAP (U/L) | 32.7 (11.7) | 35.8 (14.1) | 35.0 (12.7) | 37.7 (14.2) | 29.1 (9.0) | 31.1 (13.1) |
| uNTX (nmol BCE/ mmol Cr) | 54.4 (28.0) | 61.6 (42.0) | 58.2 (30.5) | 67.0 (47.1) | 48.4 (22.4) | 48.9 (22.4) |
| Spine BMD (g/cm2) | 0.876 (0.161) | 0.824 (0.190) * | 0.769 (0.088) | 0.729 (0.120) * | 1.028 (0.111) | 1.035 (0.140) |
| T-score | -1.23 (1.46) | -1.69 (1.72) * | -2.21 (0.79) | -2.55 (1.09) * | 0.15 (1.00) | 0.22 (1.26) |
| Trabecular bone score | 1.252 (0.103) | 1.195 (0.083) ** | 1.211 (0.091) | 1.172 (0.080) * | 1.310 (0.091) | 1.246 (0.068) ** |
| Use of Metformin | 53 [29.0%] | 18 [24.3%] | 30 [28.0%] | 10 [19.6%] | 23 [30.3%] | 8 [34.8%] |
| Use of sulfonylurea | 78 [42.6%] | 29 [39.2%] | 43 [40.2%] | 24 [47.4%] | 35 [46.1%] | 5 [21.7%] |
| Use of Insulin | 42 [23.0%] | 22 [29.7%] | 27 [25.2%] | 13 [26.4%] | 15 [19.7%] | 9 [39.1%] |
Mann-Whitney U tests:
* P < 0.05 and
** P < 0.01
compared with each non-VF group
T2DM, type 2 diabetes; VF, vertebral fracture; BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; BAP, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase; uNTX, urinary levels of N-telopeptide; BCE, bone collagen equivalents.