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. 2019 Sep 10;10:2102. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02102

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Mycobacterium africanum triggers an immune response in mouse and human cells. (A,B) BMDM were infected with M. africanum (Maf) at a MOI of 2. (A) Four and 96 h later the intracellular bacterial load was determined by CFU enumeration. Data is shown as mean ± SEM for three independent experiments, each performed in 4–5 replicate wells. (B) Twenty-four hours post-infection, the culture supernatants were harvested and cytokines measured by immunoassay. Data is shown as mean ± SEM for three independent experiments, each performed in triplicate wells. (C) THP1 cells were differentiated in the presence of PMA, infected with M. africanum at a MOI of 1 and 24 h later cytokine concentration determined by immunoassay. (D) Human PBMCs were isolated, infected with M. africanum at a MOI of 1 and 24 h later cytokine concentration determined by immunoassay. Data is shown as mean ± SEM for six independent donours. Non-infected (NI) cells are included as controls. Unpaired t-test and Mann–Whitney test were used to perform the statistical analysis. ∗p < 0.05; ****p < 0.0001. bdl, below detection level.