Fluorescence in situ hybridisation signals of genomic DNA (CGH, a–d), telomeric probe (e–h), microsatellite motifs (i–p) and DNA methylation patterns in golden perch and Murray cod (q–t). CGH (a–d): hybridisation signals for fluorescently labelled genomic DNA of golden perch and Murray cod, showing hybridisation signals on X and Y sex chromosome; TTAGGG7 (e–h): showing terminal hybridisation signals in all chromosomes; AAT10 (i–l): hybridisation pattern of repetitive microsatellite motif (AAT)10, showing abundant accumulation on golden perch Y chromosome; CGG10 (m–p): hybridisation signals from repetitive microsatellite motif (CGG)10, showing high accumulation on X chromosome of Murray cod compared with that of the Y chromosome. DNA methylation (q–t): immunofluorescent detection of DNA methylation, showing hypermethylated X chromosome in Murray cod compared with that of the Y chromosome. Scale bar represent 5 µm.