| LDL | Low-density lipoprotein |
| GSH | Glutathione |
| FXR | Farnesoid X receptor |
| PXR | Pregnane X receptor |
| CETP | Cholesterolester transfer protein |
| PLTP | Phospholipid transfer protein |
| IL | Interleukin |
| TNF-α | Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha |
| NO | Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha |
| iNOS | Inducible nitric oxide synthase |
| PGE2 | Prostaglandin E2 |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
| COX-2 | Cyclooxygenase-2 |
| NF-κB | Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
| IKB | Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B |
| IKK | Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase |
| NIK | NF-κB-inducible kinase |
| Akt | Protein kinase B |
| MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| AP-1 | Activator protein 1 |
| ERK | Extracellular regulated protein kinases |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| STAT | Signal transducers and activators of transcription |
| JAK | Janus kinase |
| MCP-1 | Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 |
| ICAM-1 | Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 |
| HUVECs | Human umbilical vein endothelial cells |
| HO-1 | Hemeoxygenase-1 |
| Sirt1 | Sirtuin 1 |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| Nrf2 | Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 |
| CYP450s | Cytochrome P450 |
| Keap1 | Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 |
| ARE | Antioxidant response element |
| Bcl-2 | B-cell lymphoma-2 |
| mcl1 | Myeloid cell leukemia-1 |
| cFLIP | Cellular FLICE-inhibitory Protein |
| PI3K | Phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase |
| Sp1 | Specificity protein 1 |
| ATF3 | Activating transcription factor 3 |
| MMP-2 | Matrix metalloproteinase-2 |
| GSK3β | Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta |
| BTF3 | Basic transcription factor 3 |
| EC | Endothelial cell |
| ECM | Extracellular matrix |
| uPA | Urokinase type plasminogen activator |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
| FAK | Focal adhesion kinase |
| CP | Cafestol palmitate |
| KP | Kahweol palmitate |
| T2D | Type-2-diabetes |
| PPAR | Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor |
| C/EBPα | CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha |
| FABP 4 | Fatty acid-binding protein 4 |
| FASN | Fatty acid synthase |
| AMPK | Adenosine 5‘-monophosphate-activated protein kinase |
| PHIP | 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-bpyridine] |
| SULT | Sulfotransferase |
| OCs | Osteoclasts |
| OBs | Osteoblasts |
| NFATc1 | Nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic-1 |
| RANKL | Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand |