Table 1.

Substrates and major expression tissues of cytochrome P450 4 (CYP4) enzymes in humans.

CYP4 Enzyme	Expression Tissues	Substrates	Reference
CYP4A11	Platelets, liver, kidney	Lauric acid, myristic acid, arachidonic acid	[6,23,24]
CYP4A22	Low level in liver	Arachidonic acid	[25,26]
CYP4B1	Lung, bladder, fat tissues	2-aminofluorene, 2-naphthylamine, benzidine, arachidonic acid	[27,28]
CYP4F2	Liver, platelet, kidney	Arachidonic acid, lauric acid, vitamin K, leukotriene	[6,29]
CYP4F3A	Neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils	Leukotriene B4	[12,30,31]
CYP4F3B	Liver, kidney, trachea, gastro intestinal tract	Eicosapentaenoic acid, arachidonic acid	[12,32]
CYP4F8	Prostate, seminal vesicles, epidermis, hair follicles, sweat glands, corneal epithelium, proximal renal tubules, epithelial linings of gut and urinary tract	Arachidonic acid, prostaglandin H, prostaglandin E2	[33,34,35]
CYP4F11	Liver, kidney, heart, skeletal muscle, gall bladder, keratinocytes	Vitamin K, erythromycin, arachidonic acid	[11,29,36,37,38]
CYP4F12	Liver, kidney, colon, small intestine, heart, eosinophils, neutrophils	Arachidonic acid, leukotriene B4, ebastine	[8,31,33,39]
CYP4F22	Skin	Ultra-long-chain fatty acid (acylceramide production)	[18]
CYP4X1	Skin, breast, brain, heart, liver, prostate, trachea, aorta	Anandamide, arachidonic acid	[21,40]
CYP4V2	Macrophages, retina cells, cornea cells	Arachidonic acid, lauric acid, eicosapentanoic acid, docosahexanoic acid	[19,41]
CYP4Z1	Mammary tissues, cancer cells	Lauric acid, myristic acid	[21,42]