Figure 2.

Post-translational modifications influence the fate of client proteins. The fate of client proteins bound to Hsp70 are determined by co-chaperone binding, which is influenced by post-translational modifications (PTMs). Phosphorylation and acetylation of Hsp70 promote binding to Hsp40 co-chaperones like HOP, which stimulates client protein refolding. Alternatively, when Hsp70 is dephosphorylated and deacetylated, CHIP binds and promotes ubiquitinylation and subsequent degradation of client proteins.