Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of study participants from the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy (GENOA).
| Cross-Sectional (N = 1100) |
Longitudinal (N = 266) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable Name | Mean (SD) or N (%) |
Phase 1 Mean (SD) or N (%) | Phase 2 Mean (SD) or N (%) 1 | Pearson r or Kappa 2 |
| HorvathAge (years) | 53.89 (9.98) | 51.19 (9.18) | 55.12 (9.19) *** | 0.919 |
| HannumAge (years) | 47.71 (10.75) | 44.27 (9.75) | 49.14 (10.02) *** | 0.960 |
| PhenoAge (years) | 44.22 (12.66) | 40.21 (11.62) | 44.68 (11.69) *** | 0.922 |
| GrimAge (years) | 54.31 (9.49) | 52.00 (9.09) | 55.44 (9.15) *** | 0.972 |
| IEAA (years) | 0.15 (4.79) | −0.01 (4.77) | −0.46 (5.10) * | 0.748 |
| EEAA (years) | 0.27 (5.85) | −0.36 (5.54) | −1.02 (6.52) ** | 0.852 |
| PhenoAA (years) | 0.38 (7.17) | −0.54 (6.81) | −1.46 (6.27) ** | 0.764 |
| GrimAA (years) | 0.11 (4.95) | 0.23 (4.56) | −0.58 (4.63) *** | 0.911 |
| Chronological Age (years) | 57.05 (10.48) | 53.97 (9.77) | 59.42 (9.35) *** | 0.994 |
| Gender (male) | 319 (29.00%) | 77 (28.95%) | ||
| Education | ||||
| Less than HS | 374 (34.00%) | 80 (30.08%) | ||
| HS/GED | 292 (26.55%) | 71 (26.69%) | ||
| At least some college | 434 (39.45%) | 115 (43.23%) | ||
| Smoking | ||||
| Never | 666 (60.55%) | 160 (60.15%) | ||
| Former smoker | 255 (23.18%) | 63 (23.68%) | ||
| Current smoker | 179 (16.27%) | 43 (16.17%) | ||
| Continuous drinks/week | 0.67 (2.68) | 0.71 (2.82) | 0.52 (1.69) | 0.491 |
| Physical activity (hrs/day) | 1.07 (1.57) | 1.14 (1.42) | ||
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 31.20 (6.48) | 31.53 (6.69) | 32.04 (6.83) *** | 0.946 |
IEAA: intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration; EEAA: extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration; PhenoAA: DNAm PhenoAge acceleration; GrimAA: DNAm GrimAge acceleration; HS/GED: High School/General Education Development. 1 Paired t-tests (for continuous variables) or Bowker’s test of symmetry (for categorical variables) were conducted to compare the distribution at Phase 1 vs. Phase 2. 2 Correlation coefficient between phase 1 and phase 2 measurements. *** p-value ≤ 0.001, ** p-value ≤ 0.01, * p-value ≤ 0.05.