iNOS	inducible nitric oxide synthase
FEM	flower extract in methanol
LEM	leaf extract in methanol
SEM	stem extract in methanol
NFκB	nuclear factor kappa B
ATF4	activating transcription factor 4
FOXO1	forkhead box protein O1
IRF1	Interferon regulatory factor 1
ETS	E26 transformation-specific (transcription factor)
AP1	Activator protein 1
PMA	phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate
PRR	pattern recognition receptors
ROS	reactive oxygen species
NO	nitric oxide
RNS	reactive nitrogen species
DAMP	damage associated molecular pattern
PAMP	pathogen-associated molecular pattern
TGFβ	transforming growth factor beta
IFNγ	interferon gamma
DABCO	1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane
DAPI	4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
PBS	phosphate buffered saline
TBS	Tris-buffered saline
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
NSAIDs	Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
COX-2	cyclooxygenase-2
COXIBs	cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors
PLA2	phospholipase A2
CHS	contact hypersensitivity
DMSO	dimethylsulfoxide
HTAB	hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide
MPO	myeloperoxidase