| ArthβDG | β-d-galactosidase from Arthrobacter sp. 32cB |
| EcolβDG | β-d-galactosidase from Escherichia coli |
| KlyvβDG | β-d-galactosidase from Klyvuromyces lactis |
| GAL | galactose |
| GOS | galactooligosaccharides |
| HOS | heterooligosaccharides |
| IPTG | isopropyl β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside |
| Lac | Lactose |
| ONPG | ortho-nitrophenyl-β-galactoside |
| X-gal | 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galactopyranoside |