CCA	Cholangiocarcinoma
iCCA	Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
eCCA	Extra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma
pCCA	Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
CSC	Cancer stem cell
TME	Tumor microenvironment
EMT	Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
HCC	Hepatocellular carcinoma
LCSGJ	Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan
MF-iCCA	Mass forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
PI-iCCA	Periductal–infiltrating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
IG-iCCA	Intraductal–growing intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
DDR	DNA damage response
TGF-β	Transforming growth factor-β
HSA	Heat-stable antigen
MMP-7	Matrix metalloproteinase-7
CXCR4	CXC chemokine receptor 4
ERK	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
CD44v9	CD44 variant 9
OV-CCA	Opisthorchis viverrini-related cholangiocarcinoma
S100P	S100 calcium-binding protein P
CX-2	Cyclooxygenase-2
EpCAM	Epithelial cell adhesion molecule
TaMP	Tumor-associated microparticle
SOX2	Sex determining region ϒ-box 2
OS	Overall survival
SCF	Stem cell factor
SALL4	Sal-like protein 4
CLC	Cholangiolocellular carcinoma
EMMPRIN	Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer
Sca-1	Stem cell antigen 1
EGF	Epidermal growth factor
CAF	Cancer-associated fibroblasts
TAM	Tumor-associated macrophages
ECM	Extracellular matrix
PGE2	Prostaglandin E2
IL	Interleukin
VEGF-A	Vascular endothelial growth factor-A
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor-α
EVs	Extracellular vesicles
PDGF	Platelet-derived growth factor
FAK	Focal adhesion kinase
SCID	Severe combined immunodeficiency
xCT	Cysteine–glutamate transporter
CTLA­4	Cytotoxic T­lymphocyte­associated antigen 4
PD-L1	Programmed death ligand 1
PD-1	Programmed death 1
TRS	Tumor reactive stroma
MCP	Monocyte chemoattractant protein
SDF	Stromal derived factor
Treg	T leukocyte immunosuppressive regulators
MNZ	Metronidazole
GEM	Gemcitabine
ALDH	Aldehyde dehydrogenase
FGF	Fbroblast growth factor
NO	nitric oxide
HGF	hepatocyte growth factor
HB-EGF	heparin-binding epidermal growth factor
FOX P3	Forkhead box P3
SCID	severe combined immunedeficiency
ENT1	equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1
RRM1	ribonucleotide reductase M1