Figure 2.

Bioprinting system for ECM-based bioink with a core of Pluronic and calcium ions and a shell of HUVECs encapsulated in alginate and ECM components (A). Different steps in the fabrication of the vascular model (B): (i) 3D printing of the PEVA model body; (ii) the 3D cell printing; (iii) casting and incision of low melting point agarose; (iv) needle insertion and sealing; and (v) perfusion. Perfusion of vessels construct with different designs ((i) straight; (ii) curved; (iii) serpentine; (iv) dual-parallel; (v) attached dual-curves; and (vi) discrete dual-curves) (C). Reprinted from Reference [37] with permission from John Wiley and Sons.