Table 2.
Changes over time within and between control and experimental groups
| Group | Baseline* | 12 weeks* | Follow-up* | Mean difference at 12 weeks† | Mean difference at follow-up | F (P value) Time effect | F (P value) Group effect | F (P value) Interaction effect |
| Primary outcome | ||||||||
| Stride length (cm) | ||||||||
| Integrated Qigong | ||||||||
| Balance training | ||||||||
| Control | ||||||||
| Gait velocity (cm/s) | ||||||||
| Integrated Qigong | ||||||||
| Balance training | ||||||||
| Control | ||||||||
| Cadence (steps/min) |
||||||||
| Integrated Qigong | ||||||||
| Balance training | ||||||||
| Control | ||||||||
| Stride time variability (CV) |
||||||||
| Integrated Qigong | ||||||||
| Balance training | ||||||||
| Control | ||||||||
| NFOGQ | ||||||||
| Integrated Qigong | ||||||||
| Balance training | ||||||||
| Control | ||||||||
| Secondary outcome | ||||||||
| FGA | ||||||||
| Integrated Qigong | ||||||||
| Balance training | ||||||||
| Control | ||||||||
| MDS-UPDRS Part III | ||||||||
| Integrated Qigong | ||||||||
| Balance training | ||||||||
| Control | ||||||||
| Mini-BESTest | ||||||||
| Integrated Qigong | ||||||||
| Balance training | ||||||||
| Control | ||||||||
| Total falls, n | ||||||||
| Integrated Qigong | ||||||||
| Balance training | ||||||||
| Control | ||||||||
| MFES | ||||||||
| Integrated Qigong | ||||||||
| Balance training | ||||||||
| Control | ||||||||
| PDQ-39 | ||||||||
| Integrated Qigong | ||||||||
| Balance training | ||||||||
| Control |
*Mean values (SD).
†Mean difference (SE).
CV, coefficient of variation; FGA, Functional Gait Assessment; MDS-UPDRS Part III, Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, motor subscale; MFES, Modified Falls Efficacy Scale; Mini-BESTest, Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test; NFOGQ, New Freezing of Gait Questionnaire; PDQ-39, 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire.