Table 3.

Comparison of insulin glargine mark-ups between countries

	China (Hubei)	China (Shaanxi)	Ghana		India (Haryana)	Indonesia		China (Shaanxi)
	Lantus Solostar pen				Lantus cartridge	Lantus Solostar pen		Basalin cartridge
Import	Import	Import	Import	Import	Import	Import	Import	Local	Local
Region	Capital	Capital	District	Capital	District	Capital	Capital	Capital	District
Sector	Public	Public	Private	Private	Private	Public	Private	Public	Private
MSP (US$)	20.7	21.4	10.8	18.4	4.9	22.1	22.1	20.2	20.2
Stage 1 (%)	0.0	0.0	7.0	7.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stage 2 (%)	33.5	33.5	8.0	8.0	27.6	26.8	182.0	0.0	0.0
Stage 3 (%)	8.7	5.3	25.0	25.0	8.7	15.0	15.0	11.8	0.5
Stage 4 (%)	15.0	15.0	56.0	23.9	13.1	26.0	15.0	15.0	9.3
Stage 5 (%)	0.0	0.0*	0.0	0.0	5.3	7.9	8.7	0.0	0.0*
Cumulative total (%)	66.9	61.6	125.4	79.0	65.1	98.3	305.4	28.6	9.8
Final price (US$)	34.5	34.5	24.7	32.7	8.0	43.8	89.5	26.0	22.2

In some cases more than one glargine product was surveyed, but only a single representative product is shown unless major differences were evident. Note that some products are complete pens and others are cartridges.

Stage 1: insurance and freight. Stage 2: clearance charges. Stage 3: wholesale mark-ups. Stage 4: retail mark-ups. Stage 5: sales tax/value-added tax (VAT).

*VAT incorporated in stage 4.

MSP, manufacturer's selling price.