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. 2019 Sep 10;10:988. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00988

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Copyright © 2019 Wang, Xin, Xu, Yu and Shou

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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EXD ameliorated osteoporosis in OVX rats. Wistar rats were administrated with water or EXD extract at a dose of 2 g/kg/day (low level), 4 g/kg/day (middle level), 6 g/kg/day (high level), which started on day 4 after OVX operation for 12 weeks. (A) The bone mineral density. (B) Serum estradiol level. (C) Percent of trabecular area. (D) Serum Ca level. (E) Representative images of femur stained with hematoxylin–eosin (magnification, ×200). Oral administration dose of EXD was 4 g/kg/day. (F) Representative images of femur stained with osteocalcin antibody (magnification, ×200). Oral administration dose of EXD was 4 g/kg/day. ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01 compared to the control group. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01 compared to the model group.