. 2018 Nov 21;26(7):1181–1194. doi: 10.1038/s41418-018-0231-3

Table 1.

Aberrant splicing isoforms in cancer and its clinical application

	Isoform A	Function	Cancer type	Splicing type	Refs
	Isoform B	Function	Cancer type	Splicing type	Refs
Proliferation	cyclin D1	Tumour suppressor gene	Prostate tumours	Intron retention	[21]
	cyclin D1b	Associate with progression	Prostate tumours	Intron retention	[21]
	Syk	Tumour suppressor	Breast tumours	Exon skipping	[26]
	Syk(S)	Mammary tumour progression	Breast tumours	Exon skipping	[26]
	RASSF5	Tumourigenesis	Oesophageal cancer	Promoter usage	[25]
	RASSF5A	Tumour suppressor	Oesophageal cancer	Promoter usage	[25]
	WT1	Proliferation	Breast cancer	Exon skipping	[27, 100]
	WT1iso	Development & progression	Breast cancer	Exon skipping	[27, 100]
Metastasis	CD44	Drive metastasis	Breast cancer	Addition of amino acids	[30]
	CD44V6	Pro-metastatic molecule	Breast cancer	Addition of amino acids	[30]
	CrkII	Migration	Glioblastoma	Exon skipping	[101]
	CrkI	Promote cell migration	Glioblastoma	Exon skipping	[101]
	KLF6	Tumour suppressor gene	Lung cancer	5′- SS	[34]
	KLF6-SV1	Driver of tumour metastasis	Lung cancer	5′- SS	[34]
	VEGFA	Metastasis	Sarcoma	Exon 8	[35]
	VEGFA iso	Advantage for metastasis	Sarcoma	Exon 8	[35]
Apoptosis	BCL-Xs	Pro-apoptosis	Many cancer types	5′-SS	[75]
	BCL-XL	Anti-apoptosis	Many cancer types	5′-SS	[75]
	nCLu	Pro-apoptotic	Many cancer types	Frame shift	[41]
	sCLu	Pro-survival	Many cancer types	Frame shift	[41]
	ELF2A	Pro-apoptosis	Cancer cell lines	5′-SS	[42]
	ELF2B	Anti-apoptosis	Cancer cell lines	5′-SS	[42]
	RIP3	Pro-apoptosis	Colon & lung cancer	Intron retention	[43]
	RIP3γ	Anti-apoptosis	Colon & lung cancer	Intron retention	[43]
Drug resistance	AR	Chemosensitivity	Prostate cancer	Exon skipping	[70]
	AR-v7	Chemoresistance	Prostate cancer	Exon skipping	[70]
	BRCA1	Repair of DNA break	Breast cancer	Exon skipping	[49]
	BRCA1Δ11	Chemoresistance	Breast cancer	Exon skipping	[49]
	c-FLIP(L)	Anti-apoptosis	Pancreatic cancer	Truncated C-terminus	[50]
	c-FLIP(S)	Drug resistance	Pancreatic cancer	Truncated C-terminus	[50]
	Survivin	Anti-apoptosis	Neoplastc cells	Intron retention	[48]
	Survivin 3B	Promote chemoresistance	Neoplastc cells	Intron retention	[48]
Radiotherapy	sCLu	Genomic instability	Breast cancer cells	5′-SS	[53]
	nCLu	Pro-death factor	Breast cancer cells	5′-SS	[53]
	Mcl-1L	Anti-apoptotic	OSCC	Exon skipping	[54]
	Mcl-1S	Pro-apoptotic	OSCC	Exon skipping	[54]
	NPM1	Radioresistance	Cervical cancer	Intron retention	[55]
	NPM2	Radiosensitivity	Cervical cancer	Intron retention	[55]
	Tap73	Pro-apoptosis	Cervical cancer	Exon skipping	[60]
	ΔNp73	Anti-apoptosis	Cervical cancer	Exon skipping	[60]