Table 1.
Characteristics of the Residents at Baseline, According to Geographic Region.✲
| Characteristic | Western Uganda (N = 47,328) | Eastern Uganda (N = 49,195) | Kenya (N = 53,872) | Total (N = 150,395) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| no. of residents/total no. (%) | ||||
| Male sex | 21,325/47,328 (45.1) | 22,633/49,195 (46.0) | 24,023/53,872 (44.6) | 67,981/150,395 (45.2) |
| Age category | ||||
| 15–20 yr | 10,768/47,328 (22.8) | 13,282/49,195 (27.0) | 12,605/53,872 (23.4) | 36,655/150,395 (24.4) |
| 21–49 yr | 27,480/47,328 (58.1) | 26,636/49,195 (54.1) | 29,906/53,872 (55.5) | 84,022/150,395 (55.9) |
| ≥50 yr | 9,080/47,328 (19.2) | 9,277/49,195 (18.9) | 11,361/53,872 (21.1) | 29,718/150,395 (19.8) |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | 13,918/47,256 (29.5) | 14,273/49,027 (29.1) | 14,893/53,757 (27.7) | 43,084/150,040 (28.7) |
| Married, including polygamous marriage | 27,465/47,256 (58.1) | 29,209/49,027 (59.6) | 32,512/53,757 (60.5) | 89,186/150,040 (59.4) |
| Widowed, divorced, or separated | 5,873/47,256 (12.4) | 5,545/49,027 (11.3) | 6,352/53,757 (11.8) | 17,770/150,040 (11.8) |
| Polygamous marriage | 3,393/47,249 (7.2) | 7,199/49,022 (14.7) | 8,193/53,753 (15.2) | 18,785/150,024 (12.5) |
| Educational level | ||||
| Below primary school | 26,514/47,299 (56.1) | 30,041/49,098 (61.2) | 40,048/53,663 (74.6) | 96,603/150,060 (64.4) |
| Completed primary school | 8,223/47,299 (17.4) | 6,328/49,098 (12.9) | 7,232/53,663 (13.5) | 21,783/150,060 (14.5) |
| Any secondary school or higher | 12,562/47,299 (26.6) | 12,729/49,098 (25.9) | 6,383/53,663 (11.9) | 31,674/150,060 (21.1) |
| Occupation† | ||||
| Formal sector | 10,383/47,247 (22.0) | 12,026/49,022 (24.5) | 13,077/53,762 (24.3) | 35,486/150,031 (23.7) |
| High-risk informal sector | 1,122/47,247 (2.4) | 689/49,022 (1.4) | 6,368/53,762 (11.8) | 8,179/150,031 (5.5) |
| Low-risk informal sector | 30,452/47,247 (64.5) | 32,682/49,022 (66.7) | 27,960/53,762 (52.0) | 91,094/150,031 (60.7) |
| Other | 3,141/47,247 (6.6) | 1,722/49,022 (3.5) | 1,933/53,762 (3.6) | 6,796/150,031 (4.5) |
| No job or disabled | 2,149/47,247 (4.5) | 1,903/49,022 (3.9) | 4,424/53,762 (8.2) | 8,476/150,031 (5.6) |
| Household wealth index quintile‡ | ||||
| First, indicating least wealth | 10,559/47,158 (22.4) | 8,040/49,080 (16.4) | 5,355/53,661 (10.0) | 23,954/149,899 (16.0) |
| Second | 10,734/47,158 (22.8) | 9,455/49,080 (19.3) | 5,937/53,661 (11.1) | 26,126/149,899 (17.4) |
| Third | 10,019/47,158 (21.2) | 10,388/49,080 (21.2) | 9,412/53,661 (17.5) | 29,819/149,899 (19.9) |
| Fourth | 8,595/47,158 (18.2) | 10,949/49,080 (22.3) | 13,543/53,661 (25.2) | 33,087/149,899 (22.1) |
| Fifth, indicating most wealth | 7,251/47,158 (15.4) | 10,248/49,080 (20.9) | 19,414/53,661 (36.2) | 36,913/149,899 (24.6) |
| Stable residents§ | 44,753/47,328 (94.6) | 47,148/49,195 (95.8) | 51,969/53,870 (96.5) | 143,870/150,393 (95.7) |
| Residents living with HIV | 2,873/43,769 (6.6) | 1,590/44,764 (3.6) | 9,066/46,951 (19.3) | 13,529/135,484 (10.0) |
| Residents with prevalent hypertension¶ | 3,951/19,877 (19.9) | 4,785/18,503 (25.9) | 3,128/17,381 (18.0) | 11,864/55,761 (21.3) |
HIV denotes human immunodeficiency virus.
A formal sector occupation was defined as a teacher, student, government worker, military worker, health worker, or factory worker. A high-risk informal sector occupation was defined as a fishmonger, fisher, bar owner, bar worker, transportation worker, or tourism worker. A low-risk informal sector occupation was defined as a farmer, shopkeeper, market vendor, hotel worker, homemaker, household worker, construction worker, or miner.
Quintiles were based on a principle-component analysis of the household wealth survey and were calculated at the level of the household.
Stable residents were defined as residents who had spent at least 6 months of the previous year in the trial community.
Adults 30 years of age or older were included in the analysis.