Table 3.
HIV Medical Care Providers’ Demographic, Practice, and Medical Care Characteristics Associated with Reasons for Delaying ART for Clinically Eligible Patients in Houston, Texas—Medical Monitoring Project Provider Survey, 2009.a
| Characteristics | Adherence Concerns | Acceptance Concerns | Structural Concerns | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) b | χ2 (P Value)c,d,e | aOR (95% CI)f | P Valuec,d,e | n (%)b | χ2 (P-Value)c,d,e | aOR (95% CI)f | P Valuec,d,e | n (%)b | χ2 (P Value)c,d,e | aOR (95% CI)f | P Valuec,d,e | |
| Profession | 1.5 (0.225) | 5.3 (0.021) c | 4.5 (0.035) c | |||||||||
| Physician (referent) | 11 (64.7) | 10 (83.3) | 1.00 | 9 (81.8) | 1.00 | |||||||
| Physician assistant/Nurse practitioner | 6 (35.3) | 2 (16.7) | 0.24 (0.02-2.04) | 0.198 | 2 (18.2) | 0.85 (0.09-6.05) | 0.867 | |||||
| Age category (years) | 2.9 (0.089) | 0.0 (1.000) | 2.4 (0.307) | |||||||||
| 36-44 | 12 (70.6) | 0.93 (0.07-10.95) | 4 (33.3) | 6 (54.5) | ||||||||
| 45-54 (referent) | 5 (29.4) | 1.00 | 0.956 | 4 (33.3) | 3 (27.3) | |||||||
| 55+ | -g | 4 (33.3) | 2 (18.2) | |||||||||
| Gender | 1.5 (0.225) | 1.3 (0.248) | 0.8 (0.366) | |||||||||
| Male | 11 (64.7) | 4 (33.3) | 7 (63.6) | |||||||||
| Female | 6 (35.3) | 8 (66.7) | 4 (36.4) | |||||||||
| Race/ethnicity | 18.5 (0.001) d | 1.3 (0.721) | 1.3 (0.529) | |||||||||
| White (referent) | 13 (76.5) | 1.00 | 4 (33.3) | 4 (36.4) | ||||||||
| Black/African American | 2 (11.7) | 0.10 (0.00-2.39) | 0.156 | 2 (16.7) | 2 (18.2) | |||||||
| Hispanic/Latino | 2 (11.7) | 0.03 (0.00-0.37) | 0.004 e | 2 (16.7) | 5 (45.5) | |||||||
| Otherh | -g | 4 (33.3) | -g | |||||||||
| Years caring for HIV-infected patients | 5.8 (0.051) c | 0.0 (1.000) | 1.3 (0.529) | |||||||||
| 1-5 (Referent) | 2 (11.8) | 1.00 | -g | 2 (18.2) | ||||||||
| 6-10 | 10 (58.8) | 3.80 (1.20-5.92) | 0.039 c | 6 (50.0) | 4 (36.4) | |||||||
| >10 | 5 (29.4) | 2.39 (0.17-3.91) | 0.509 | 6 (50.0) | 5 (45.5) | |||||||
| No. of HIV-positive patients providing care to per month | 0.1 (0.943) | 6.0 (0.050) c | 0.2 (0.913) | |||||||||
| 1-50 (referent) | 6 (35.3) | 2 (16.7) | 1.00 | 4 (36.4) | ||||||||
| 51-100 | 6 (35.3) | 2 (16.7) | 1.46 (0.14-16.03) | 0.743 | 4 (36.4) | |||||||
| 101 and above | 5 (29.4) | 8 (66.7) | 10.36 (1.42-22.70) | 0.019 c | 3 (27.3) | |||||||
| Self-rated knowledge of HIV care | 0.1 (0.808) | 1.3 (0.248) | 0.8 (0.366) | |||||||||
| Extremely knowledgeable | 9 (52.9) | 8 (66.7) | 7 (63.6) | |||||||||
| Very knowledgeable | 8 (47.1) | 4 (33.3) | 4 (36.4) | |||||||||
| Infectious disease board certified | 0.5 (0.467) | 0.0 (1.000) | 2.3 (0.132) | |||||||||
| Yes (referent) | 10 (58.8) | 6 (50.0) | 8 (72.7) | 1.00 | ||||||||
| No | 7 (41.2) | 6 (50.0) | 3 (27.3) | 0.31 (0.01-2.52) | 0.292 | |||||||
| Referral for ART initiation | 9.9 (0.002) e | 1.3 (0.248) | 4.5 (0.035) c | 0.518 | ||||||||
| Never | 15 (88.2) | 1.24 (0.01-5.34) | 8 (66.7) | 9 (81.8) | 0.43 (0.02-5.61) | |||||||
| Sometimes/always (referent) | 2 (11.8) | 1.00 | 0.940 | 4 (33.3) | 2 (18.2) | 1.00 | ||||||
| Sufficient time to provide HIV care | 0.5 (0.467) | 5.3 (0.021) c | 0.2 (0.913) | |||||||||
| Agree (referent) | 10 (58.8) | 10 (83.3) | 1.00 | 4 (36.4) | ||||||||
| Neither agree nor disagree | -g | -g | 4 (36.4) | |||||||||
| Disagree | 7 (41.2) | 2 (16.7) | 0.18 (0.02-1.14) | 0.071 | 3 (27.3) | |||||||
| Language of communicationi | 3.6 (0.162) | 2.0 (0.368) | 0.1 (0.763) | |||||||||
| English | 8 (47.1) | 6 (50.0) | 6 (54.5) | |||||||||
| English and Spanish | 7 (41.2) | 4 (33.3) | 5 (45.5) | |||||||||
| English and other language(s) | 2 (11.7) | 2 (16.7) | -g | |||||||||
| Model statistics | ||||||||||||
| McFadden’ pseudo R 2 | 0.53 | 0.24 | 0.03 | |||||||||
| Likelihood ratio test, χ2 (df); P value | 28.8 (8) | 0.001 d | 11.7 (5) | 0.039 c | 1.5 (3) | 0.682 | ||||||
Abbreviations: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; ART, antiretroviral therapy; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; df, degree of freedom; R 2, coefficient of determination.
aSignificant estimates and P values are bolded.
bWithin a given characteristic, the percentages may not add up to exactly 100 due to rounding.
cSignificant level of P < .05.
dSignificant level of P < .01.
eSignificant level of P < .001.
fOnly factors that met the entry criteria of P < .15 in the univariate analysis were included in the multivariable logistic regression model.
gRespond level for the characteristic was not associated with the theme.
hOthers include American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander and Asian.
iLanguage(s) used by providers in providing HIV-related medical care to patients; other languages include French, German, Urdu, and so on.