Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Sample by Country.
| Characteristic | Kenya (n = 77 626), n (%) | Tanzania (n = 117 385), n (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Year of enrollment | ||
| 2004 (5 months) | 732 (0.9) | 249 (0.2) |
| 2005 | 3397 (4.4) | 6101 (5.2) |
| 2006 | 4543 (5.9) | 12 750 (10.9) |
| 2007 | 8178 (10.5) | 19 620 (16.7) |
| 2008 | 18 201 (23.4) | 22 386 (19.1) |
| 2009 | 17 291 (22.3) | 23 671 (20.2) |
| 2010 | 16 427 (21.2) | 19 857 (16.9) |
| 2011 (9 months) | 8857 (11.4) | 12 751 (10.9) |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 24 881 (32.1) | 38 337 (32.7) |
| Female | 52 745 (67.9) | 79 045 (67.3) |
| Age, years | ||
| Median (IQR) | 34.6 (28.3, 42.5) | 35.3 (29.2, 42.5) |
| 15-25 | 12 887 (16.6) | 16 140 (13.7) |
| 26-35 | 29 995 (38.6) | 46 132 (39.3) |
| 36-45 | 20 875 (26.9) | 34 047 (29.0) |
| 46-55 | 9734 (12.5) | 14 662 (12.5) |
| 55+ | 4135 (5.3) | 6404 (5.5) |
| CD4 count, mm3 | ||
| Median (IQR) | 286 (131, 481) | 205 (83, 391) |
| ≤50 | 5711 (7.4) | 11 248 (9.6) |
| 51-100 | 4899 (6.3) | 8279 (7.1) |
| 101-200 | 9285 (12.0) | 13 492 (11.5) |
| 201-350 | 12 161 (15.7) | 14 326 (12.2) |
| >350 | 22 222 (28.6) | 19 646 (16.7) |
| Missing | 23 348 (30.1) | 50 394 (42.9) |
| Opportunistic infections | ||
| Tuberculosis | ||
| Yes | 11 086 (14.3) | 737 (0.6) |
| No | 66 540 (85.7) | 11 6648 (99.4) |
| Cryptococcal disease | ||
| Yes | 386 (0.5) | 37 (0.1) |
| No | 77 240 (99.5) | 117 348 (99.9) |
| Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia | ||
| Yes | 2752 (3.5) | 399 (0.3) |
| No | 74 874 (96.5) | 116 986 (99.7) |
| Othera | ||
| Yes | 20 545 (26.5) | 12 920 (11.0) |
| No | 57 081 (73.5) | 104 465 (89.0) |
| Facility location | ||
| Urban | 7966 (10.3) | 90 769 (77.3) |
| Peri-urban | 20 466 (26.4) | 5768 (4.9) |
| Rural | 49 194 (63.4) | 20 848 (17.8) |
| Facility type | ||
| Primary | 12 574 (16.2) | 18 661 (15.9) |
| Secondary | 65 052 (83.8) | 88 977 (75.8) |
| Tertiary | 0 (0.0) | 9747 (8.3) |
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; WHO, World Health Organization.
aAll opportunistic infections used for WHO disease staging other than tuberculosis, cryptococcal disease, and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia.