Table 1.
Clinical Signs, Symptoms, and Indicators of Advanced HIV Diseasea among 1066 Females and 733 Males Newly Enrolling in Care at 1 of 32 District Hospital or Local Health Center HIV Clinics in Rural Southern Ethiopia, 2015 to 2017.b
| Clinical Signs/Symptoms | Males, n (%) | Females, n (%) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chronic diarrhea >1 month | 170 (23) | 186 (17) | .003 |
| Chronic fever >1 month | 348 (47) | 430 (40) | .003 |
| Chronic cough >1 month | 318 (43) | 338 (32) | <.001 |
| Chronic pain >1 month | 300 (41) | 385 (36) | .039 |
| Chronic fatigue >1 month | 512 (70) | 683 (64) | .012 |
| Weight loss >1 month | 516 (70) | 691 (65) | .013 |
| Reported none of 6 chronic symptoms | 97 (13) | 191 (18) | .008 |
| Can carry out normal activities without extra effort | 448 (61) | 727 (68) | .001 |
| Body mass index <18.5 kg/m2 | 304 (43) | 346 (34) | <.001 |
| WHO HIV clinical stage III or IV | 337 (46) | 386 (37) | <.001 |
| CD4 count <200 cells mm3 | 242 (43) | 312 (37) | .025 |
| Advanced HIV disease | 424 (66) | 518 (56) | <.001 |
Abbreviation: WHO, World Health Organization.
aAdvanced HIV disease defined as World Health Organization HIV clinical stage III or IV disease, or CD4 count <200 cells mm3.
bMissing data excluded from analysis.