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Schematic representation of HO-1 pathways. HO-1 catalyzes the breakdown of stress inducing heme into its byproducts biliverdin/bilirubin, CO and free iron. Biliverdin/bilirubin attenuates adiposity via remodeling of hypertrophic adipocytes and inhibition of ROS-mediated adipogenesis. CO has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis properties and offers cardioprotection via inhibition of vasoconstrictors. HO-1 also protects vascular function from deleterious free iron.
