Table 3.
Change in Body Composition (Weight, Fat, Muscle Mass) at Week-4 Testing
| Variable | All sample (n = 63) | Placebo (n = 10) | Whey protein (n = 11) | Rehabilitation + placebo (n = 13) | Rehabilitation + protein (n = 12) | Testosterone (n = 17) | All active intervention groups (n = 53) | p-Value (across groups) | p-Value (placebo vs. interventions) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight, kg | 0.290 ± 1.74 | 0.380 ± 1.27 | 0.273 ± 1.93 | 0.777 ± 2.26 | 0.992 ± 1.21 | –0.618 ± 1.49 | 0.274 ± 1.74 | .38 | .67 |
| Loss | 24 (38) | 3 (30) | 6 (55) | 4 (31) | 1 (8) | 10 (59) | 21 (40) | ||
| No change | 2 (3) | 1 (10) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (6) | 1 (2) | ||
| Gain | 37 (59) | 6 (60) | 5 (45) | 9 (69) | 11 (92) | 6 (35) | 31 (58) | ||
| Fat, kg | –0.056 ± 1.23 | –0.110 ± 0.77 | 0.108 ± 1.50 | –0.140 ± 1.42 | 0.328 ± 1.27 | –0.338 ± 1.13 | –0.046 ± 1.23 | .69 | .98 |
| Loss | 33 (52) | 5 (50) | 5 (45) | 8 (62) | 6 (50) | 9 (53) | 28 (53) | ||
| No change | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
| Gain | 30 (48) | 5 (50) | 6 (55) | 5 (38) | 6 (50) | 8 (47) | 25 (47) | ||
| Muscle mass, kg | 0.331 ± 1.53 | 0.493 ± 0.92 | 0.087 ± 1.60 | 0.905 ± 1.84 | 0.641 ± 1.59 | –0.265 ± 1.40 | 0.300 ± 1.53 | .27 | .72 |
| Loss | 25 (40) | 2 (20) | 5 (45) | 4 (31) | 4 (33) | 10 (59) | 23 (43) | ||
| No change | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
| Gain | 38 (60) | 8 (80) | 6 (55) | 9 (69) | 8 (67) | 7 (41) | 30 (57) | ||
| Appendicular lean mass, kg | –0.106 ± 0.99 | –0.212 ± 0.77 | –0.065 ± 1.04 | 0.317 ± 1.10 | 0.001 ± 1.10 | –0.469 ± 0.98 | –0.086 ± 0.99 | .29 | .59 |
| Loss | 37 (59) | 7 (70) | 6 (55) | 6 (46) | 5 (42) | 13 (76) | 30 (57) | ||
| No change | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
| Gain | 26 (41) | 3 (30) | 5 (45) | 7 (54) | 7 (58) | 4 (24) | 23 (43) |
Note: All data are mean ± standard deviation or number of participants (percentage). A positive number is an increase in mass.